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PLSC 113 EXAM #1 with verified answers(5)
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PLSC 113 EXAM #1 with verified answers(5)
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PLSC 113 EXAM #1 with verifiedanswers(5)
State Failure - correct answer ✔✔Inability of state to exert effective control over its territory and
population. (ex: Syria and Somalia)
Democracy vs other political regimes (general overview of each) - correct answer ✔✔DEMOCRACY: has
elections, majority rule with a loyal minority, human rights, ruled by laws. Can be representative or
direct.
DICTATORSHIP: government by an individual or party that comes to power by force of arms
COMMUNISM: stateless/classless and governed completely by the people. Government controls land
ownership as a way of eliminating economic inequality.
REPUBLIC: a constitution or charter of rights protects certain inalienable rights that cannot be taken
away by the government. Citizens legitimizes the government.
MONARCHY: supreme power (absolute or nominal) is bestowed on an individual and they hold this title
until they die or step down. The monarch typically makes all laws and decisions.
Democracy vs. Republic - correct answer ✔✔Republic: a constitution or charter of rights protects certain
inalienable rights that cannot be taken away by the government, even if it has been elected by a majority
of voters.
Democracy: the majority is not restrained in this way and can impose its will on the minority.
Democracy vs. Dictatorship - correct answer ✔✔Democracy: has elections, majority rule with a loyal
minority, human rights (free speech, legal equality, etc). Elected leaders are accountable to the people
Dictatorship: government by an individual or party that comes to power by force of arms. Lives of
citizens are controlled by the state. The state is never accountable to its citizens.
Democracy vs. Monarchy - correct answer ✔✔Democracy: government is carried out by the nation's
citizens. There are elected officials and a separation of powers.
Monarchy: hereditary rule is imposed. The monarch is the law and has discretion with how laws are
enforced
, Democracy vs. Communism - correct answer ✔✔Economy:
-Democracy: respected an individuals right to own property & means of production
- Communism: government controls land ownership as a way of eliminating economic inequality.
"planned economy"
Politics:
-Democracy: government run based on voting for leaders
-Communism: stateless/classless and governed completely by the people. Central party governing
society
Falsification/falsifiable - correct answer ✔✔Falsification/falsifiable: is the key to scientific thinking. It
distinguishes science from non-science. Scientific statements must be potentially testable. There must be
some imaginable observation that could falsify or refute them.
Karl Popper - correct answer ✔✔20th century philosopher who believed that scientific practice is
characterized by its continual effort to test theories against experience and make revisions based on the
outcomes of these tests. (concept of falsification)
tautology - correct answer ✔✔Statements that cannot be proven because they are either a given fact or
impossible to prove. (ex: Triangles have 3 sides, Is God real?, the bible is the word of God because it says
so in the bible)
Critical test - correct answer ✔✔allows the analyst to use observation to distinguish between two or
more competing explanations of the same phenomenon
Valid and invalid arguments - correct answer ✔✔VALID: if the premises are true, then the conclusion
must be true.
INVALID: even if premises are true, you can get a false conclusion.
It is possible to have an untrue premise and conclusion but still be a valid argument. Valid just refers to a
correct form mostly (so if you have true premise, it will lead to a true conclusion BUT a valid argument
doesn't have to be true, just set up right)
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