ANS 315 - Growth, ANS 315 - Lactation, ANS 315 - M
ANS 315 - Growth, ANS 315 - Lactation, ANS 315 - m
Exam (elaborations)
ANS 315 - Growth, ANS 315 - Lactation, ANS 315 - male reproduction, ANS 315 - Female Reproduction
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Course
ANS 315 - Growth, ANS 315 - Lactation, ANS 315 - m
Institution
ANS 315 - Growth, ANS 315 - Lactation, ANS 315 - M
ANS 315 - Growth, ANS 315 - Lactation, ANS 315 - male
reproduction, ANS 315 - Female Reproduction
significance of growth 1. market value of animal components
2. Critical to animals' performance
3. Affect social order - feed intake, energy reserves
4. minimizes dystocia - affects reprodu...
ANS 315 - Growth, ANS 315 - Lactation, ANS 315 - male
reproduction, ANS 315 - Female Reproduction
significance of growth ✅1. market value of animal components
2. Critical to animals' performance
3. Affect social order - feed intake, energy reserves
4. minimizes dystocia - affects reproduction and lactation
different definitions of growth ✅• change in weight, size, composition or structure
• Change is an enlargement or net accretion of tissue
• Not limited to mass, height, or BCS - involution or development of uterus or mammary glands - wound
healing
growth as a result of ... ✅• hyperplasia and hypertrophy
• increased synthesis of DNA, RNA, proteins etc
• Decreased degradation
• Increased synthesis and decreased degradation results in accretion
hyperplasia ✅Increase in number of cells (increase DNA synthesis)
hypertrophy ✅increase in size of cells usually due to activity (transcription, translation)
during a female mammals life, the uterus undergoes repeated cycles of pregnancy, involution, and
preparation for the next pregnancy. Which of the following events would occur in the uterus? ✅A.
Increased amount of DNA
B. Increased amount of protein
C. Decreased degradation of cells
D. hypertrophy
E. ALL OF THE ABOVE
,what are the three germ layers? ✅Ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm
Ectoderm ✅• nervous system including brain, spinal cord, and nerves
• lining of the mouth, nostrils, and anus
• Epidermis of the skin, sweat glands, hair, and nails
Mesoderm ✅• bones and muscle
• Reproductive and excretory systems
• Blood and blood vessels
• Inner layer (dermis) of skin
Endoderm ✅• lining of the digestive tract
• Liver and pancreas
• Lining of the trachea, bronchi, and lungs
• thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, and bladder
neurulation ✅• second week of development
• mesoderm condenses into notochord
• ectoderm thickens to form neural plate - cells that will form the nervous system
• Plate edges grow to form neural tube - ventricles, central canal of spinal cord
sequence of growth for major components ✅1. central nervous system
2. Skeleton
3. Muscle
4. Adipose
the best guideline for weaning animals is described as ... ✅A. age
, B. NUTRIENT INTAKE FROM DRY FEED EXCEEDS REQUIREMENTS FOR MAINTENANCE AND GROWTH
C. Body weight is doubled since the time of birth
D. Dry matter intake is tripled since birth
E. None of the above
bone deposition ✅bone elongation will stop after an animal reaches mature body size - bone deposition
and resorption continue until the animal dies
deposition of bone muscle and fat ✅varies throughout the life of an animal - influenced by genetics,
nutrition, age and hormones
muscular hypertrophy ✅• majority of muscle tissue develops between birth and maturity
• Muscle growth slows down - not physiologically halted like bone
• All growth is a hypertrophy except to repair injury and in the case of double muscling
Myostatin ✅growth factor that negatively regulates muscle development
fat deposition ✅occurs mainly after the bulk of the muscle has been deposited
• Adds moisture to meat - stores energy and provides insulation
common sites of fat deposition ✅• intramuscular
• Subcutaneous
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