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UConn MCB2610 Exam 1 Question and answers correctly solved 2024/2025
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UConn MCB2610 Exam 1 Question and answers correctly solved 2024/2025 UConn MCB2610 Exam 1 What is microbiology - correct answer the study of microbes Microbes - correct answer -are forms of life too small to be seen with the naked eye (bacteria, fungi, algae, protists). Types of Mic...

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  • October 17, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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UConn MCB2610 Exam 1
What is microbiology - correct answer ✔the study of microbes


Microbes - correct answer ✔-are forms of life too small to be seen with the
naked eye (bacteria, fungi, algae, protists).


Types of Microbial Cells - correct answer ✔prokaryotic cells


eukaryotic cells


prokaryotic cells - correct answer ✔lack a true membrane-delimited nucleus


eukaryotic cells - correct answer ✔have a membrane-enclosed nucleus, are
more complex morphologically (membrane-enclosed organelles), and are
usually larger than prokaryotic cells


two groups classification - correct answer ✔•Aristotle (Plants and Animals)


five kingdom system classification - correct answer ✔•Robert Whittaker 1969
(Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Monera, Protista)


three domain system classification - correct answer ✔•(1990)
- developed due to advances in electron microscopy, biochemistry and
physiology, and ability to determine nucleic acid and protein sequences
-Carl Woese et al (1990 paper) based on a comparison of small subunit (SSU)
ribosomal RNA gene sequences, divides microorganisms into 3 domains:

,-Bacteria (true bacteria),
-Archaea
Eukarya (eukaryotes)


Domain Bacteria - correct answer ✔•Usually single-celled
•Majority have cell walls with peptidoglycan
•Most lack a membrane-bound nucleus
•Ubiquitous and some live in extreme environments
•Some cause disease but most are beneficial
•Many recycle elements (e.g., Cyanobacteria produce significant amounts of
oxygen)


Domain Archaea - correct answer ✔•distinguished from Bacteria by unique
rRNA sequences
•lack peptidoglycan in cell walls and have unique membrane lipids
•some have unusual metabolic characteristics (e.g., methanogens which
produce methane gas)
•many live in extreme environments
•Their role in causing diseases is unclear


Domain Eukarya - Eukaryotes - correct answer ✔•generally larger than
Bacteria and Archaea
-Plants
-Animals
-algae - photosynthetic
-protozoa - may be motile, "hunters, grazers"

, -slime molds - two life cycle stages (mold-like, protozoan-like)
-water molds - protists that grow in moist environments - some cause
devastating diseases in plants
-fungi - (e.g. yeasts - unicellular, molds - multicellular)
•Primarily decomposers, some cause disease


Acellular Infectious Agents (not considered part of the 3 domain system of
classification) - correct answer ✔•viruses
-smallest of all microbes
-Very simple - some consist of only proteins and nucleic acids
-requires host cell to replicate
-cause range of diseases, some cancers


•viroids and virusoids
-infectious agents composed of only RNA


•prions - infectious proteins


How to define life: - correct answer ✔-Metabolism
-Growth
-Reproduction
-Genetic variation/evolution
-Response/adaptation to the external environment
-Homeostasis (maintaining internal organization and order, usually by
expending energy)


Polypeptides: - correct answer ✔subunits: amino acids

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