Precision Right Ans - Optimised by accurate sample size and maximising
accuracy of measures (reduces random error)
Random error Right Ans - Sampling and measurement error
Non-random error Right Ans - Bias and confounding
Validity Right Ans - Minimises non-random error
1-type II error Right Ans - Study power
Cost minimisation analysis Right Ans - When various treatments have
similar outcomes
SIGLE Right Ans - Grey unpublished literature
Positive predictive value Right Ans - The probability that a person with a
positive test result is truly positive
Relative risk reduction Right Ans - RRR = 1 − RR
Number needed to treat Right Ans - 1/absolute risk reduction
Absolute rate reduction Right Ans - Reduction in control group - reduction
in intervention group
Cochran's Q test Right Ans - Most accepted test for heterogeneity
Relative Risk (RR) Right Ans - Intervention event rate / control event rate
p-value Right Ans - Type I error (false positive) rate
Specificity Right Ans - Proportion of true negatives correctly identified
(TN-FP?). High specificity = low false negatives.
Type I error Right Ans - false positive
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