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AACN Practice Questions With complete solutions
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AACN Practice Questions With complete solutions
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Solution 2024/2025Pepper
AACN Practice Questions
hyperresonace and dullness over lung indicates... ANS✔✔ hyperresonance= air
dullness= fluid
decreasing the TV on ventilator will do what to co2? ANS✔✔ increase co2
The major effect of ARDS on lung tissue is ANS✔✔ Decreased compliance
Decreased compliance is related to alteration of lung endothelium and vascular tissue. Pathophysiologic changes in lung
vascular tissue and increased lung edema contribute to the decrease in compliance. The end result is stiffness of the
fluid-filled non-aerated airways. There is an increase in capillary permeability due to the release of cytokines and a
decrease in functional residual capacity due to pathophysiologic changes in the lung. The inflammatory process of ARDS
causes inactivation, destruction and decreased production of surfactant. This leads to increased surface tension at the
alveolar air-fluid interface, which causes microatelectasis.
Decreased surfactant
, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper
What is functional residual capacity? ANS✔✔ amount of air remaining in lungs after a normal tidal expiration
Clinical symptoms of hypoxic respiratory failure ANS✔✔ Cyanosis' restlessness delirium confusion hypertension
tachycardia tachynpnea decreased UO
What to do before deflating cuff ANS✔✔ Suction orophayrnx
What is plateau pressure and what does it reflect ANS✔✔ Pressure applied to airways and alveoli
Reflects airway resistance
Decrease would indicate an obstruction, bronchospasm, tube blockage, or biting
Loud s2, systolic murmur over left eternal border, jvd, LE edema and ascites - symptoms of ? ANS✔✔ Pulmonary
hypertension
Signs of chronic bronchitis ANS✔✔ Similar to r sided heart failure
Peripheral edema
Distended neck veins
Cyanosis
No signs of respiratory distress or dysnpea at rest
Tracheal deviation in hemothorax ANS✔✔ Toward unaffected side
Early stage of status asthmaticus abg ANS✔✔ Metabolic alkalosis
Loud machinery like heart murmur indicates? ANS✔✔ Air embolism
What position would you put a patient with air embolism? ANS✔✔ Trendenlenberg with left lateral decubitus tilt
, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper
Needle compression is for what?
Thoracenetisis is for what? ANS✔✔ Needle compression tension pneumo
Thoracentesis is to drain fluid from pleural space
Normal minute ventilation ANS✔✔ 5-8
What pa02/fi02 ratio is indicative of ARDS ANS✔✔ Less than 300
Criteria for passing spontaneous breathing trial ANS✔✔ -Rapid shallow breathing index of less than105 (RR/VT)
-pao2/fio2 ration over 150
-VT more than 5ml/kg
If tidaling in cheat tube stops what should you check for ANS✔✔ Obstruction, clots, kinks
Purpose of PEEP in ARDS ANS✔✔ Increase alveolar recruitment
Ventilator tx for ARDS ANS✔✔ Low tidal volumes
Thin, barrel-chested pt w/ pursed lip breathing think..... ANS✔✔ Emphysema
What are patients with emphysema at risk for? ANS✔✔ Risk of infection due to long term corticosteroid use
How long is spontaneous breathing trial ANS✔✔ 30 minutes
ARDS is characterized by what? ANS✔✔ An antecedent event, refractory hypoexmia, and tachypnea
ABG of acute respitartoeg failure ANS✔✔ Pao2 less than 60
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