pharm test 1 Question and answers rated A+ 2024/2025
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Course
NURS 8024
Institution
NURS 8024
pharm test 1 Question and answers rated A+ 2024/2025 pharm test 1, Pharm Exam 1
Each statement describes a phase of pharmacokinetics. Put the statements in order, with 1 indicating the phase that occurs first and 4 indicating the phase that occurs last.
a. Enzymes in the liver transform the ...
pharm test 1, Pharm Exam 1
Each statement describes a phase of pharmacokinetics. Put the statements in
order, with 1 indicating the phase that occurs first and 4 indicating the phase
that occurs last.
a. Enzymes in the liver transform the drug into an inactive metabolite.
b. Drug metabolites are secreted through passive glomerular filtration into the
renal tubules
c. A drug binds to the plasma protein albumin and circulates through the body.
d. A drug moves from the intestinal lumen into the mesenteric blood system -
correct answer ✔D,C,A,B
Rationale: The first phase is absorption and involves the transmission of
medications from the location of administration (intenstinal lumen) to the
bloodstream. Then the drug is distributed to sites of action in the body after
binding to plasma proteins, like albumin. Metabolism occurs next in the liver
and the drug is changed into an inactive or less active form. Finally, excretion
occurs last in the kidneys and the drug is eliminated from the body. (ATI,
2020)
An elderly woman took a prescription medicine to help her to sleep; however,
she felt restless all night and did not sleep at all. The nurse recognizes that
this woman has experienced which type of reaction or effect?
a. Allergic reaction
b. Idiosyncratic reaction
c Mutagenic reaction
d. Synergistic reaction - correct answer ✔B
Rationale: Idiosyncratic reactions are adverse effects not explained by the
known mechanism of action (Zacarra, et. al., 2007). Since the lady took a
medication to sleep and was experiencing effects that did the opposite of this,
they would not be explained by the known mechanism of action.
,3. While caring for a patient with cirrhosis or hepatitis, the nurse knows that
abnormalities in which phase of pharmacokinetics may occur?
Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion - correct answer ✔Metabolism
Rationale: Metabolism takes place in the liver and changes medications into
inactive or less active forms using enzymes (ATI, 2020). Cirrhosis and
hepatitis are both issues involving the liver, thus causing abnormalities with
metabolism.
A provider prescribes phenobarbital for a client who has a seizure disorder.
The medication has a long half-life of 4 days. how many times per day should
the nurse expect to administer this medication? A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four - correct answer ✔A. one
A staff educator is reviewing medication dosages and factors that influence
medication metabolism with a group of nurses at an in-service presentation.
Which of the following factors should the educator include as a reason to
administer lower medication dosages? (Select all that apply.)
A. Increased renal excretion
B. Increased medication-metabolizing enzymes
C. Liver failure
D. Peripheral vascular disease
E. Concurrent use of medication the same pathway metabolizes - correct
answer ✔C. Liver failure
E. Concurrent use of medication the same pathway metabolizes
,A nurse is preparing to administer eye drops to a client. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)
A. Have the client lie on her side.
B. Ask the client to look up at the ceiling
.C. Tell the client to blink when the drops enter her eye.
D. Drop the medication into the center of the client's conjunctival sac.
E. Instruct the client to close her eye gently after instillation. - correct answer
✔B. Ask the client to look up at the ceiling.
D. Drop the medication into the center of the client's conjunctival sac.
E. Instruct the client to close her eye gently after instillation.
A nurse is completing discharge teaching for a client who has a new
prescription for transdermal patches. Which of the following statements should
the nurse identify as an indication that the client understands the instructions?
A. "I will clean the site which an alcohol swab before I apply the patch."
B. "I will rotate the application sites weekly."
C. "I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair."
D. "I will place the new patch on the site of the old patch." - correct answer
✔C.. "I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair."
A nurse reviewing a client's medical record notes a new prescription for
verifying the trough level of the client's medication. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take?
A. Obtain a blood specimen immediately prior to administering the next dose
of medication.
B. Verify that the client has been taking the medication for 24 hr before
obtaining a blood specimen.
, C. Ask the client to provide a urine specimen after the next dose of
medication.
D. Administer the medication, and obtain a blood specimen 30 min later -
correct answer ✔A. Obtain a blood specimen immediately prior to
administering the next dose of medication
A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a 4-month-old infant. Which
of the following pharmacokinetic principles should the nurse consider when
administering medications to this client? (Select all that apply)
A. Infants have a more rapid gastric emptying time.
B. Infants have immature liver function.
C. Infants' blood-brain barrier is poorly developed.
D. Infants have an increased ability to absorb topical medications
E. Infants have an increased number of protein-binding sites. - correct
answer ✔B,C,D
A nurse in a provider's office is reviewing the medical record of a client who is
pregnant and is at her first prenatal visit. Which of the following immunizations
may the nurse administer safely to the client?A. Varicella vaccine
B. Rubella vaccine
C. Inactivated influenza vaccine
D. Measles vaccine - correct answer ✔c
rationale: During influenza season, providers recommend the active influenza
vaccine for clients who are pregnant.
A nurse on a medical-surgical unit administers a hypnotic medication to an
older adult client at 2100. The next morning, the client is drowsy and wants to
sleep instead of eating breakfast. Which of the following factors should the
nurse identify as a possible reason for the client's drowsiness?
A. Reduced cardiac function
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