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MED SURG CARDIOVASCULAR FINAL EXAM 2024/2025 VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+ NEWEST!!
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MED SURG CARDIOVASCULAR FINAL EXAM 2024/2025 VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+ NEWEST!!
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MED SURG CARDIOVASCULAR EXAM 2024MED SURG CARDIOVASCULAR FINAL EXAM
2024/2025 VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+ NEWEST!!
A health care provider wants a cross-sectional image of the abdomen to evaluate the degree of stenosis
in a patient's left common iliac artery. The nurse knows to prepare the patient for which of the
following?
a) Computed tomography angiography (CTA)
b) Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)
c) Doppler ultrasound
d) Angiography
a) Computed tomography angiography (CTA)
A CTA is used to visualize arteries and veins and help assess for stenosis and occlusion.
A nurse should be prepared to manage complications following abdominal aortic aneurysm resection.
Which complication is most common?
a) Renal failure
b) Enteric fistula
c) Graft occlusion
d) Hemorrhage and shock
a) Renal failure
,MED SURG CARDIOVASCULAR EXAM 2024
Renal failure commonly occurs if clamping time is prolonged, cutting off the blood supply to the kidneys.
Hemorrhage and shock are the most common complications before abdominal aortic aneurysm
resection, and they occur if the aneurysm leaks or ruptures. Graft occlusion and enteric fistula formation
are rare complications of abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.
A nurse is providing education about maintaining tissue integrity to a client with peripheral arterial
disease. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for clarification?
a) "It is important to apply sunscreen to the top of my feet when wearing sandals."
b) "I can use lamb's wool between my toes if necessary."
c) "I should apply powder daily because my feet perspire."
d) "Shoes made of synthetic material are best for my feet."
d) "Shoes made of synthetic material are best for my feet."
The client should wear leather shoes with an extra-depth toebox. Synthetic shoes do not allow air to
circulate.
Which of the following is a characteristic of an arterial ulcer?
a) Brawny edema
b) Border regular and well demarcated
c) Ankle-brachial index (ABI) > 0.90
d) Edema may be severe
b) Border regular and well demarcated
,MED SURG CARDIOVASCULAR EXAM 2024
Characteristics of an arterial ulcer include a border that is regular and demarcated. Brawny edema, ABI >
0.90, and edema that may be severe are characteristics of a venous ulcer.
The nurse is educating a patient with chronic venous insufficiency about prevention of complications
related to the disorder. What should the nurse include in the information given to the patient? (Select
all that apply.)
a) Sleep with the foot of the bed elevated about 6 inches.
b) Sit as much as possible to rest the valves in the legs.
c) Avoid constricting garments.
d) Sit on the side of the bed and dangle the feet.
e) Elevate the legs above the heart level for 30 minutes every 2 hours.
a) Sleep with the foot of the bed elevated about 6 inches.
c) Avoid constricting garments.
e) Elevate the legs above the heart level for 30 minutes every 2 hours.
Elevating the legs decreases edema, promotes venous return, and provides symptomatic relief. The legs
should be elevated frequently throughout the day (at least 15 to 20 minutes four times daily). At night,
the patient should sleep with the foot of the bed elevated about 15 cm (6 inches). Prolonged sitting or
standing in one position is detrimental; walking should be encouraged. When sitting, the patient should
avoid placing pressure on the popliteal spaces, as occurs when crossing the legs or sitting with the legs
dangling over the side of the bed. Constricting garments, especially socks that are too tight at the top or
that leave marks on the skin, should be avoided.
To check for arterial insufficiency when a client is in a supine position, the nurse should elevate the
extremity at a 45-degree angle and then have the client sit up. The nurse suspects arterial insufficiency if
the assessment reveals:
, MED SURG CARDIOVASCULAR EXAM 2024
a) a 30-second filling time for the veins.
b) no rubor for 10 seconds after the maneuver.
c) dependent pallor.
d) elevational rubor.
c) dependent pallor.
If arterial insufficiency is present, elevation of the limb would yield a pallor from the lack of circulation.
Rubor and increased venous filling time would suggest venous problems secondary to venous trapping
and incompetent valves.
A client with peripheral arterial disease asks the nurse about using a heating pad to warm the feet. The
nurse's best response is which of the following?
a) "It is better to soak your feet in hot water as long as the water temperature is below 110 degrees F."
b) "A heating pad to your feet is a good idea because it increases the metabolic rate."
c) "A heating pad to your feet is fine as long as the temperature stays below 105 degrees F."
d) "It is better to put the heating pad on your abdomen, which causes vasodilation and warmth to your
feet."
d) "It is better to put the heating pad on your abdomen, which causes vasodilation and warmth to your
feet."
It is safer to apply a heating pad to the abdomen, causing a reflex vasodilation in the extremities. Heat
may be applied directly to ischemic extremities; however, the temperature of the heating source must
not exceed body temperature. Excess heat may increase the metabolic rate of the extremities and
increase the need for oxygen beyond that provided by the reduced arterial flow through the diseased
artery.
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