JRN 430 Final answers
Sheppard was jailed for murdering his wife, but the ruling was overturned after an 8
to-1 decision from the Supreme Court found that Sheppard did not receive a fair trial.
Received too much media coverage and jury was able to leave courthouse and read
all of that so the...
JRN 430 FINAL EXAM and answers
Information and News is a ___✔✔Commodity
Definition of Jurisdiction✔✔An area of authority or control; the right to administer
justice
Two areas of Jurisdiction✔✔Geographic and Subject Matter (Topical)
Definition of Geographical Jurisdiction✔✔The area encompassed by physical
boundaries prescribed by the state or local law
Definition of Subject Matter (Topical) Jurisdiction✔✔The different types of subject
matter each court deals with
Definition of Common Law✔✔A legal system based on custom and court rulings
Definition of Civil Law✔✔A law that governs relationships between individuals and
defines their legal rights
Major Difference between Common Law and Civil Law✔✔Common law establishes
legal concepts by judicial rulings and precedents, while civil law establishes legal
concepts by the codified statues
Definition of Rule of Law✔✔The framework of a society in which pre-established
norms and procedures provide for consistent, neutral decision making
4 Principles of the Rule of Law✔✔1. All individuals are private entities are
accountable under the law
2. The laws are clear, public, stable, and just; are applied evenly; and protect
fundamental rights
3. The process by which the laws are enacted, administered, and enforced is
accessible and fair
4. Justice is delivered in a timely manner by competent, ethical, independent, and
neutral representatives who serve the public good
Definition of Affirm✔✔To ratify, uphold or approve a lower court ruling
Definition of Overrule✔✔To reverse the ruling of a lower court ruling
Definition of Concurring Opinion✔✔A separate opinion of a minority of the court or a
single judge or justice agreeing with the majority opinion but applying different
reasoning or legal principles
Definition of Dissenting Opinion✔✔A separate opinion of a minority of the court or a
single judge or justice disagreeing with the result reached by the majority and
challenging the majority's reasoning or the legal basis of the decision
, Definition of Remand✔✔To send back to the lower court for further action
Definition of Judicial Review✔✔The power of the courts to declare laws
unconstitutional
Who uses the power of judicial review the most?✔✔US Supreme Court
Definition of an Originalist✔✔Supreme Court justices who interpret the Constitution
according to the perceived intent of its framers
Definition of a Textualist✔✔Supreme Court justices who rely exclusively on a careful
reading of legal texts to determine the meaning of the law
Six Sources of Law✔✔Constitutions, statues, equity law, common law,
administrative law, and executive orders
Definition of Doctrines✔✔Principles or theories of law
Definition of Tests✔✔A commonly applied method of evaluation used to resolve
matters
Definition of Plaintiff✔✔Person who is suing in a civil case
Definition of Respondent✔✔Person who is being sued in a civil case
Definition of Defendant✔✔Person being prosecuted in a criminal case
Definition of Tort✔✔A private or civil wrong for which a court can provide remedy in
the form of damages
Definition of Damages✔✔A sum of money paid in compensation for loss or injury in
a civil case
When was the First Amendment adopted?✔✔1791
What is the First Amendment?✔✔Freedom of speech, press, religion, and assembly
Is it easy for the Court to apply the First Amendment to the freedom of press?✔✔No,
especially in today's media, the First Amendment deals with a very different type of
press
Are First Amendment protections absolute?✔✔No, the courts tend to balance the
interests at stake
Definition of Content-Neutral Laws✔✔Laws that incidentally and unintentionally
affect speech as they advance other important government interests
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