Pediatric nursing all exam revision questions and correct answers (already graded a+) (2024 update) 100%
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Course
Nursing Pediatrics
Institution
Nursing Pediatrics
According to Ericksons theory of development why would a toddler view hospitalization as a
punishment? - answer- ritualism the need to maintain sameness and reliability provides sense
of comfort. Without ritu8als little opportunity to exert autonomy. Consequently, regression and
dependency occur...
Pediatric nursing all exam revision questions and correct answers
(already graded a+) (2024 update) 100%
According to Ericksons theory of development why would a toddler view hospitalization as a
punishment? - answer- ritualism the need to maintain sameness and reliability provides sense
of comfort. Without ritu8als little opportunity to exert autonomy. Consequently, regression and
dependency occurs
Hearing test for newborn - answer- otoacoustive emission measures intensity sound from the
cochlear hair cells in response to clicks from a probe placed in the ear canal
Does not detect neural damage
Detects inner hearing loss
Does not detect damage to cranial nerve
Parallel play - answer- two toddlers playing side by side, no interaction or sharing
Authoritarian - answer- high control, low warmth
Highly controlling/expect to be obeyed/little communication
Permits little independence
Child outcome:
No negotiation skills, no ability to direct and initiate own activities, frustrated in efforts to achieve
autonomy, girls passive, boys aggressive
Authoritative - answer- moderately high control, high warmth
Sets reasonable limits on behavior
Accepts and encourages growing autonomy
Open communication
Flexible rules
Child outcome: willingly excepts restriction, more self-reliant, self-controlled, socially competent,
better school performance
Permissive - answer- low control, low warmth
,No limit setting
Lacks affection for child ; focused on stress in own life
May show hostility toward or neglect of the child
Child outcome: may become rebellious, aggressive, socially inept, impulsive, may be creative,
active, outgoing
Guidelines for acceptable behavior in children - answer- *set realistic expectations based on
child's age
consistently enforce the expected directions and behaviors
*focus on promoting appropriate and desirable behavior in child
model behavior
review expected behavior for special situations
help distinguish between inside and outside voice
praise or reward child
*tell child of inappropriate behavior as soon as it begins
*when reprimanding, focus on behavior rather that the child
*be alert for when situations arise that may led to misbehaving (tired, hungry)
*friendly reminders to help child gain self control
Cephalocaudal development - answer- development that proceeds from the head toward the
feet
Proximodistal developemtn - answer- development that proceed from the center of the body
outward extremities
Developmental age groups - answer- infancy- birth to 12 months
high level of care in daily activities
Toddlerhood- 1-3 years. Increased motor ability and independent behavior
Preschool- 3-6 years. The preschooler refinees gross and fine motor ability and language skills and
often participates in a preschool learning program
School age- 6-12 years. Begins with entry to school sys. Growing intellectual skills, physical
ability, and independence
Adolescence- 12-18 years. Begins with entry into the teen years. Mature cognitive thought,
formation of identity, and influence of peers import characteristic of adolescence.
, Freud stages - answer- oral- birth to 1 year
pleasure from the mouth, sucking and eating primary
Anal- 1-3 years
childs pleasure centered in anal area
Phallic- 3-6 years
sexual energy center / child works out relationships with parents of same/opposite sexes
Latency- 6-12 years
sexual energy is at rest in passage between earlier stages and adolescence
Genital - 12- adulthood
mature sexuality is achieved physical growth is completed/relationships with other occure
Common defense mechanisms used by children - answer- regression- return to early behavior
Repression- involuntary forgetting of uncomfortable situations
Rationalization- attempt to make unacceptable feelings acceptable
Fantasy- creation of the mind to help deal with unacceptable fear
Examples of stress experienced by toddlers - answer- 1. Separation anxiety from parents, grief
reactions
2. Regression
3. Refusal to eat
4. Difficulty sleeping
Three phases of separation anxiety and behavioral responses exhibited during each phase - answer-
1. Protest; clings to parent to force them to stay
2. Despair, inactive + withdrawn and regress
3. Detachment, denial, after prolonged separation , denies need for parents love, affection to nurses
Nursing interventions to reduce separation anxiety - answer- 1. Encourage family contact
2. Familiar belonging brought from home
3. Provide therapeutic play
4. Accept regression
5. Consistent routine with familiar staff
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