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Organic Chemistry: Chapters 1, 2, 3 Questions with Accurate Answers
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  • Organic Chemistry: Chapters 1, 2, 3

structural theory of matter - ANSWER-substances are defined by specific arrangement of atoms constitutional isomers - ANSWER-compounds with the same molecular formula but different connections among their atoms covalent bonds - ANSWER-pair of electrons shared between two atoms protons - AN...

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  • October 17, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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  • organic chemistry chapters 1 2 3 stuvia
  • organic chemistry chapters 1 2 3 questions with
  • structural theory of matter answer substances ar

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Organic Chemistry: Chapters 1, 2, 3
Questions with Accurate Answers

structural theory of matter - ANSWER-substances are defined by specific arrangement
of atoms



constitutional isomers - ANSWER-compounds with the same molecular formula but
different connections among their atoms



covalent bonds - ANSWER-pair of electrons shared between two atoms



protons - ANSWER-+1 charge, and neutral charge in the nucleus



electrons - ANSWER--1 charge in orbitals outside nucleus



valence electrons - ANSWER-outermost energy level, involved in bonding



formal charge - ANSWER-#Ve - Assigned e- in structure



cation vs. anion - ANSWER-cation: positively charged ion

anion: negatively charged ion



electronegativity - ANSWER-how strongly an atom attracts shared electrons

electrons shift from lower EN to higher EN



nonpolar covalent bonds - ANSWER-when EN difference is less than 0.5



polar covalent bonds - ANSWER-when EN difference is 0.5-1.7

, ionic bonds - ANSWER-when EN difference is above 1.7



inductions - ANSWER-withdrawal of electrons towards more EN element



Afbau Principle - ANSWER-lowest energy orbital is filled first



Pauli Exclusion Principle - ANSWER-each orbital can contain a maximum of 2 electrons
of opposite spin



Hunds Rule - ANSWER-with degenerate orbitals, one electron is placed in each orbital
first before pairing



Atomic orbital filling order - ANSWER-1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 4d10 4f14



valence bond theory - ANSWER-bonds occur when AOs overlap



constructive interference - ANSWER-The interference that occurs when two waves
combine to make a wave with a larger amplitude



destructive interference - ANSWER-the interaction among two or more waves in which
displacements combine to produce a wave with a smaller displacement and an A node



sigma bond - ANSWER-direct overlap forms, electron density located primarily on bond
axis, all single bonds



pi bonds - ANSWER-occurs when orbitals overlap either above or below axis of nuclei

occurs as 2nd or 3rd multiple bond



hybridized atomic orbitals - ANSWER-lets all orbitals be degenerate

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