BIO 311C Study Guide Exam 1
Questions And Actual Answers.
four biological molecules - Answer carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
elements in carbohydrates - Answer carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
CH2O
elements in lipids - Answer carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorous
elements in proteins - Answer carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorous - Answer elements in nucleic acids
functional groups in carbohydrates - Answer hydroxyl and carbonyl
functional groups in lipids - Answer CH3/-CH2
OH (glycerol)
PO4 2- phospholipid
functional groups in proteins - Answer NH3+/ NH2
COO-
COOH
R-Group: OH, SH, CH3
functional groups in nucleic acids - Answer NH2 (nitrogenous base)
OH (sugars)
PO4 2-
,Subgroups of carbohydrates - Answer monosaccharides
disaccharides
polysaccharides
subgroups of lipids - Answer fats phospholipids steroids caretonoids
subgroups of proteins - Answer -soluble with polar R
-membrane with nonpolar R
nucleic acids subgroups - Answer DNA
RNA
Monosaccharides - Answer 3-7 carbon long.
When will monosaccharides form rings? - Answer Longer than 5 carbon and in water
condensation synthesis - Answer forming a covalent bond between monomers by removing an H2O
molecule
What kinds of bonds is starch connected by? - Answer Alpha 1, 4 linkages
What kinds of bonds is cellulose connected by? - Answer Beta 1, 4, linkages
Which glucose polysaccharides are connected by alpha linkages - Answer starch and glycogen
Types of polysaccharides regarding functions - Answer storage and structural
example of storage polysaccharides - Answer starch, glycogen, amylopectin
, example of structural polysaccharides - Answer cellulose, chitin, and callose
1,6 linkages - Answer amylopectin
Beta 1, 4 linkages - Answer cellulose, chitin, and callose
Alpha 1, 4 linkages - Answer starch, glycogen
Lipids are held together by - Answer ester bonds
Ester bonds are composed of - Answer O-C=O
storage polysaccharides (use) - Answer energy utilization
structural polysaccharides (purpose) - Answer build cell walls and exoskeletons
Saturated fatty acid - Answer only single bonds
monounsaturated fatty acid - Answer only one double bond
polyunsaturated - Answer multiple double bonds
functional groups on same side of isomer - Answer cis
functional groups on opposite sides of isomer - Answer trans
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