understands human development processes and applies this knowledge to
plan instruction and ongoing assessment that motivate students and are
responsive to their developmental characteristics and needs.
Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development (SENSORIMOTOR) - ANSWER-
(Birth-2 years) Stage of development in which infants develop reality-based
schemes primarily through sense and motor activities (e.g. reaching,
,grasping, & moving about). Culminates with the development of object
permanence and the beginning of representational thought.
Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development (PREOPERATIONAL) - ANSWER-
Preschool (2-7 years) Stage of development in which children gradually
acquire language development, symbolic functions/play, and egocentrism.
The child will ask many questions, represent objects/events removed in
time/space, increase in imaginative play, & inability to understand another
person's perspective.
Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development (CONCRETE OPERATIONAL) -
ANSWER-Elementary grade (7-11 years) Stage of development in which
children are capable of operations, but solve problems by generalizing from
concrete experiences; they are not able to manipulate conditions mentally
unless they have been experienced. Integration of self into physical and
social environment. Achieves conservation of number(age 6), mass (age 7),
& weight (age 9).
Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development (FORMAL OPERATIONAL) -
ANSWER-Early Adolescence (11+ years) Stage of development in which
adolescents are able to deal with abstractions, form hypotheses, solve
, problems systematically, engages in mental manipulations, and thinks about
the future.
Erickson's Stages of Development (1- TRUST v. MISTRUST) - ANSWER-Infancy
(0-18 months) A sense of trust requires a feeling of physical comfort &
minimal amount of fear about the future. Infant's basic needs are met by
responsive, sensitive caregivers.
Erickson's Stages of Development (2- AUTONOMY v. SHAME & DOUBT) -
ANSWER-Toddler (18 months-3 years) After gaining trust, infants discover
they have a will, the child begins to recognize boundaries that must be
observed in order to maintain cooperation with others. They assert their
sense of autonomy or independence. If restrained or punished too harshly,
they are likely to develop a sense of shame & doubt.
Erickson's Stages of Development (6- INTIMACY v. ISOLATION) - ANSWER-
Late adolescence to young adulthood (18-40 years) Young adults struggle to
form close relationships and to gain the capacity for intimate love as the
individual shares their identity with others. Isolation results when
interpersonal relationships do not adequately address the individual's need
for intimacy.
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