Exam (elaborations)
PN 121 REVIEW EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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PN 121 REVIEW EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS...
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Gastric lavage - ANSWER Removal of stomach contents via an enteraltube
Gastric gavage - ANSWER Giving solutions (meds, feedings, water
flush, etc.) via an enteral tube
Gastric decompression - ANSWER the process of reducing the pressure
within the stomach by emptying it of its contents, including ingested food
and liquids, gastric juices, and gas
dysphasia - ANSWER difficulty swallowing
Position for patient with continuous enteral tube feedings - ANSWER
Low fowlers (minimum HOB at 30 degrees.
Procedure for a patient receiving intermittent bolus feeding or
medications via an enteral tube - ANSWER A 30-60 ml room
temperature water flush (to clear tube)
Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) - ANSWER nutrient-complete solution
given directly into bloodstream when person cannot eat by mouth.
Nasogastric tube - ANSWER Tube inserted through the nose into the
stomach
nasoenteric tube - ANSWER Feeding tube inserted through the nose
into the stomach and beyond the pylorus into the small intestine
PEG tube (percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy) - ANSWER Tube that
is surgically placed into a patient's stomach through the abdominal wall
and provides a means of feeding or oral intake or medication
, j-tube (jejunostomy tube) - ANSWER enteral feeding system in which the
upper gastrointestinal tract is bypassed completely, and food &
medication are delivered into the jejunum, rather than the stomach.
Examples of Intake - ANSWER Oral solutions, IV solution, enteral
solutions
Examples of output - ANSWER Urine, blood or wound drainage, liquid
stool, vomit
mL (milliliter) - ANSWER unit of measure to record intake and output
Normal fasting blood glucose for a non Diabetic patient? - ANSWER 70-
100
Symptoms of hypoglycemia - ANSWER Hypo-Nervousness, shakiness,
nausea, headache, irritability, clamminess, hunger, weakness, fatigue,
low FSBS, confusion, seizures, coma
Symptoms of hyperglycemia - ANSWER Hot, dry skin; flushed;
increased thirst; dry mouth; headache; frequent urination; elevated
FSBS; confusion; coma; death
Purpose for different consistency of foods and liquids such as puree and
nectar thick - ANSWER Prevention of aspiration in patients with varying
degrees of dysphasia
Nursing care requirements for the patient with an enteral tube. -
ANSWER Check tube placement before each feeding
Check residual volume before each feeding
Elevate the HOB
Maintain tube patency
Assess bowel sounds
Monitor I/O, ensuring balance
Monitor weight, noting losses
Monitor for diarrhea/constipation
J-tube, Peg Tube : Requires daily insertion-site care
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