UWF Nursing Peds Exam 2024 | Nursing Peds
UWF Exam Update Latest 2024 Questions
and Correct Answers Rated A+
The parents of a child with acid-base imbalance ask the nurse about
mechanisms that regulate acid-base balance. Which statement by the
nurse accurately explains the mechanisms regulating acid-base
balance in children? -ANSWER-The respiratory, renal, and chemical-
buffering systems
A child has a 2-day history of vomiting and diarrhea. He has
hypoactive bowel sounds and an irregular pulse. Electrolyte values
are sodium, 139 mEq/L; potassium, 3.3 mEq/L; and calcium, 9.5
mg/dL. This child is likely to have which of the following electrolyte -
ANSWER-Hypokalemia
Which statement best describes why infants are at greater risk for
dehydration than older children? -ANSWER-Infants have an increased
extracellular fluid volume.
Which assessment is most relevant to the care of an infant with
dehydration? -ANSWER-Heart rate, sensorium, and skin color
What is the most important factor in determining the rate of fluid
replacement in the dehydrated child? -ANSWER-The type of
dehydration
What is the priority nursing intervention for a 6-month-old infant
hospitalized with diarrhea and dehydration? -ANSWER-Measuring the
infant's weight
,What assessment should the nurse make before initiating an
intravenous (IV) infusion of dextrose 5% in 0.9% normal saline
solution with 10 mEq of potassium chloride for a child hospitalized with
dehydration? -ANSWER-Urine output
A nurse is teaching parents about diarrhea. Which statement by the
parents indicates understanding of the teaching? -ANSWER-
Increased motility results in impaired absorption of fluid and nutrients.
What is the best response by the nurse to a parent asking about
antidiarrheal medication for her 18-month-old child? -ANSWER-
"Antidiarrheal medication is not recommended for young children
because it slows the body's attempt to rid itself of the pathogen."
Which action is the primary concern in the treatment plan for a child
with persistent vomiting? -ANSWER-Detecting the cause of vomiting
What is the best response for the nurse to give a parent about
contacting the physician regarding an infant with diarrhea? -ANSWER-
"Call your pediatrician if the infant has not had a wet diaper for 6
hours."
Which diet would the nurse recommend to the mother of a child who is
having mild diarrhea? -ANSWER-Rice, potatoes, yogurt, cereal, and
cooked carrots
Which assessment findings indicate to the nurse that a child has
excess fluid volume? (Select all that apply.) -ANSWER-Weight gain
Moist breath sounds
Rapid bounding pulse
, You are caring for a 44-lb child who is hospitalized with vomiting and
severe dehydration. The physician has ordered parenteral rehydration
therapy to restore circulation. The order is for sodium chloride (0.9%)
solution in a 20-mL/kg bolus. How much will you give? -ANSWER-400
mL
The child's weight must first be converted from pounds to kilograms (1
kg = 2.2 lb): 44 lb = 20 kg. Next multiply 20 kg ´ 20 mL = 400 mL. The
bolus will be 400 mL.
The nurse who provides care for young children with fluid and
electrolyte imbalance understands that they are more vulnerable to
changes in fluid balance than adults. Under normal conditions the
amount of fluid ingested during the day should equal the amount of
fluid lost. Sensible water loss is that which occurs through the
respiratory tract and skin. Is this statement true or false? -ANSWER-F
Alterations in acid-base balance can affect cellular metabolism and
enzymatic processes. When alterations in pH become too much for
buffer systems to handle, compensatory mechanisms are activated. If
the pH drops below normal, then acidosis will occur. Is this statement
true or false? -ANSWER-T
What is the best response by the nurse to a mother asking about the
cause of her infant's bilateral cleft lip? -ANSWER-"Does anyone in
your family have a cleft lip or palate?"
The postoperative care plan for an infant with surgical repair of a cleft
lip includes -ANSWER-elbow restraints to keep the infant's fingers
away from the mouth.
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