,1. Multiple Choice: What is the primary mechanism of action
for ACE inhibitors in the management of hypertension?
a) Vasodilation
b) Diuresis
c) Sodium retention
d) Vasoconstriction
Correct Answer: a) Vasodilation
Rationale: ACE inhibitors work by inhibiting the
angiotensin-converting enzyme, which results in
vasodilation and subsequently lowers blood pressure.
2. Fill-in-the-Blank: __________ is the process by which a
drug's therapeutic effects are manifested.
Correct Answer: Pharmacodynamics
Rationale: Pharmacodynamics refers to the biochemical
and physiological effects of drugs and their mechanisms of
action.
3. True/False: Beta-blockers are primarily used as anti-
arrhythmic agents.
Correct Answer: False
Rationale: While beta-blockers can have anti-arrhythmic
properties, they are primarily used to treat hypertension and
angina.
, Correct Answers: a) Constipation, c) Sedation, d)
Respiratory depression
Rationale: Opioids commonly cause constipation,
sedation, and respiratory depression as side effects, but not
hypertension.
5. Multiple Choice: Which class of drugs is most appropriate
for a patient with asthma exacerbation?
a) Beta-blockers
b) Corticosteroids
c) ACE inhibitors
d) Diuretics
Correct Answer: b) Corticosteroids
Rationale: Corticosteroids are anti-inflammatory agents
that are effective in treating asthma exacerbations.
6. Fill-in-the-Blank: The __________ route of medication
administration bypasses the first-pass effect.
Correct Answer: Intravenous
Rationale: The intravenous route delivers the drug directly
into the bloodstream, avoiding the first-pass metabolism in
the liver.
7. True/False: Thiazide diuretics are potassium-sparing.
Correct Answer: False
Rationale: Thiazide diuretics are not potassium-sparing;
they can lead to hypokalemia.
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