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AP Euro Unit 2 Questions and Answers 100% Solved
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Exam of 7 pages for the course AP European at AP European (AP Euro Unit 2)
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AP Euro Unit 230 Years War - answer Initiated due to the Peace of Augsburg leaving out the Calvinists
in their ruling. War occurred in four stages: The Bohemian Period, Danish Period,
Swedish Period and the French Period. The Peace of Westphalia ended the thirty year
war.
7 Years War - answer In Europe, the 7 year was was fought between an alliance of
France, Russia, Sweden, Austria and Saxony against Prussia, Hanover and Great
Britain from 1756-63. This war had an international element due to the French and
British fighting for land in the New World - known as the French-Indian Wars.
Absolute Monarchy - answerAbsolute monarchy is a monarchical form of government in
which the monarch exercises ultimate governing authority as head of state and head of
government.
Acts of Uniformity and Supremacy - answerAn Act of the Parliament of England, passed
by Elizabeth I. The Act of Uniformity made Protestantism England's official faith,
establish a uniform form of worship and re-established the use of the English Book of
Common Prayer. The Act of Supremacy named Elizabeth I, the supreme governor of
the Church
Anabaptism - answerForm of Protestantism. Believe in adult baptism
Anglicanism - answerForm of Protestantism established by King Henry VIII in the form
of the Church of England
Balance of Power - answerAn international relations concept that applies historically
and currently to the nations of Europe. For example: To maintain the balance of power,
the English made alliances with other states—including Portugal, the Ottoman Empire,
and the Netherlands—to counter any threats.
Baroque - answerstyle of art that was used by the Catholics in the 17th century; very
dramatic and overly decorated in gold and gaudy materials
Boyars - answerupper nobility in Russia from the 10th -17th century
Calvin, John and Calvinism - answerA form of protestantism that believed that you could
revolt against an ungodly government
Cardinal Richelieu - answera French clergyman, noble, and statesman. Cardinal
Richelieu was often known by the title of the King's "Chief Minister" or "First Minister."
, As a result, he is considered to be the world's first Prime Minister, in the modern sense
of the term.
Catholic Counter-Reformation - answerReformation Catholic Church mounted a series
of reforms and reasserted its authority.
Catholic Inquisition - answerwas a hierarchy of the Catholic Church that targeted those
who were thought to be or known to be Protestants or Catholic Reformers. Anyone
captured was tortured, questioned, and forced to admit their involvement with the
"sinful" religions and repent, or be killed. You were assumed guilty until proven innocent
and the goal was to reconvert everyone to Catholicism.
Charles V - answerHoly Roman Emperor and the most powerful ruler in sixteenth-
century Europe; he reigned over the low countries, Spain's Italian and new world
dominions, and the
Austrian-Hapsburg lands. (hapsburg ruler)
Charles XI of Sweden - answerOne of the most influential Swedish monarchs of the
17th century. He was crowned at the age of four and ruled from 1660 to 1697. During
his reign, he displayed absolutism by suppressing the nobility in and creating
bureaucratic absolutism. He established a table of ranks in his bureaucracy, which was
essentially a meritocracy. He also created an army that could be mobilized very quickly.
However, throughout most of his reign he was more interested in establishing his power
than with foreign powers, and thus remained neutral.
Constitutional Monarchy - answerA government that rules with the power of a
constitution that limits the powers of a monarch
Council of Trent - answerA general council of the Catholic Church that met at Trent to
set Catholic doctrine, reform church practices, and defend the church against the
Protestant Challenge.
Defenestration of Prague - answerConflict in which the Protestant- Bohemians revolted
against the Holy Roman Empire in Prague. Two officials were thrown out of windows
and when they survived it was considered an act of God. This conflict kicked off the
Thirty Years War.
Diet and Edict of Worms - answerDiet in which Luther appeared to defend his new
Protestant religion before Charles V. Edict=When Charles V exiled or outlawed Luther
from The Holy Roman Empire or any of it's other lands.
Divine Right of Kings: Bishop Bossuet - answerA political doctrine that claimed that the
King was God's messenger on earth and worked from God's will. Therefore, he is not
subject to any authority on earth but can only be judged by God and can essentially do
no wrong. No one can revolt against or restrict the king without being contrary to the will
of God, or a sinner.
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