Exam (elaborations)
AP Euro Unit 3 Test Questions and Answers 100% Solved
- Course
- Institution
Exam of 19 pages for the course AP European at AP European (AP Euro Unit 3 Test)
[Show more]
Content preview
AP Euro Unit 3 TestAbsolutism - answer Monarch claims absolute power often through divine right; involved
the decrease of noble power and the creation of a bureaucracy which directed
economic life by forcing tax increases or other means of raising revenue; kings also
employed armies and controlled all aspects of gov
Jean Bodin - answer16th century English writer who was the first to provide a
theoretical basis for absolutist states; wrote
during French Civil wars and came to strongly support the divine right of kings; believed
only absolutism could provide order
Thomas Hobbes - answer wrote the Leviathan (1651); claimed that the state of natural
human life was poor before organized society; people contracted a commonwealth of
gov to prevent chaos; commonwealth had unlimited, absolute power and subjects were
not to rebel
Bishop Bousset - answer French theologian and court preacher who was one of the
chief theorists of divine right monarchy in the 17th century; wrote "Politics Drawn from
the Very Words of the Holy Scripture" which supported divine right
Divine right of kings - answeridea used to support absolutism which held that right to
rule comes from God; monarchs were responsible to no one but God (not even
parliaments); limits on power only came in fear of God's judgement
First Estate - answerfirst class of French society made up of clergy (the church)
Second Estate - answersecond class of French society; had most power; made up of
nobles
Third Estate - answerthird and last class of French society; made up of peasants, the
urban poor, the working class, the middle class, and the bourgeoisie
Henry IV - answerfirst Bourbon king and important king in French history; rise to power
ended French Civil Wars and provided gradual course to absolutism; converted to
Catholicism to gain loyalty of Paris but gave Calvinists protections
Edict of Nantes - answergranted the Huguenots the liberty to conscience and the liberty
of worship; towns could be fortified; helped France reach absolutism and restored
internal peace in France
Bourbon Dynasty - answerlasted until 1555 until the overthrow of the French monarchy
in 1792; included Louis XIV through Louis XVI
,Nobility of the Sword - answerold, hereditary nobles of France; positions gained
militarily; must be weakened if Louis XIV is to exercise real authority
Nobility of the Robe - answerthe group of the French nobility that acquired their
positions by service or purchase; the "new" nobility of France; created by Louis XIV to
help him run his government
Duke of Sully - answerFinance minister under Henry IV; used Mercantilism to increase
power of monarchy, reformed the tax system, improved transportation, and reduced the
royal debt
Louis XII - answerin youth, nobles and princes increased power; later rule was
dominated by Cardinal Richelieu; rule became more centralized under him
Cardinal Richelieu - answerstrengthened the French monarchy by taking away the
political and military but not religious rights of the Huguenots; uncovered noble
conspiracies; expanded military; instituted Intendant system; POLITIQUE
Politique - answerA ruler who suppresses his or her religious designs for his or her
kingdom in favor of political expediency. Examples: Elizabeth I (England), Henry IV
(France)
Intendant system - answerSystem was introduced by Cardinal Richelieu under Louis
XIII; used to weaken the nobility of the sword; replaced local officials with intendents
who reported directly to the king
Peace of Alais - answeramendment to Edict of Nantes by Cardinal R; took away
Calvinist rights; Protestants kept their religion but had no political/military power
Louis XIV - answer"Sun King" and most famous absolutist; regent=Cardinal Richelieu;
Thirty Years' War=expansion of French power; mercantilist economic policies; built
Versailles to contain nobles
Fronde - answerNobles that resented centralized administrative power and Cardinal
Mazarin revolted, resulted in civil wars; Louis XIV grew up with distrust of nobles
Cardinal Mazarin - answerregent for Louis XIV after Richelieu's death; disliked by the
French because he was a naturalized Italian; was opposed during the Fronde
corvee - answerunpaid labor on public works like roads (later Versaille) used to control
peasantry; was part of taxes
Versailles - answerFrench center of society and culture created by Louis XIV; the most
glittering court in Europe was a symbol of Louis's power; was used to control nobility
, Edict of Fontainbleau - answerLouis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes which granted the
Huguenots the liberty of worship; provided for the destruction of Huguenot churches and
the closing of Protestant schools and drove many Huguenots to England/Germany
Jansenists - answerCatholics that resembled the Protestants in their emphasis on God's
grace, original sin, and in their austere religious practices; opposed the Jesuits and
advocated that humans could only achieve salvation through divine grace
Mercantilism - answeran economic system in 18th century Europe that sought to
increase a nation's wealth by government regulation of all of the nation's commercial
interests; was used to expand bureaucracy/armies (absolutism)
Bullionism - answerpart of mercantilism; idea that a nation's wealth was measured in
gold/silver
Jean-Baptiste Colbert - answercontroller of general finances under Louis XIV that used
mercantilism to increase wealth of France; founded new luxury industries within France
to decrease imports; built roads and canals; raised tariffs on foreign goods and built
merchant marine; debt problem could not be solved
balance of power - answeridea that no one nation should become too powerful in
Europe
Dutch Wars - answerWar of Devolution- Louis XIV invaded Spanish Netherlands without
declaring war and was turned away by a Dutch/Swedish/English alliance. Later, in the
second war, Louis invaded the United Provinces and was defeated by
Spain/Brandenburg/the HRE.
War of the League of Augsburg - answerLouis XIV invaded the Southern Netherlands
and attempted to expand west into the HRE; League of Augsburg formed of all the
major powers (Spain, England, the HRE, others) to stop him; brought famine to France
but war ended with no changes
War of Spanish Succession - answera grandson of Louis XIV (Phillip V) was left the
Spanish throne by Charles II; other European powers wanted to prevent
French/Spanish unification and Grand Alliance emerged
Peace of Utrecht - answerended War of Spanish Succession; confirmed Phillip V as a
ruler of Spain but affirmed separation of the French and Spanish thrones; Austria,
Brandenburg-Prussia, and England gained territories=end of Louis XIV expansionism
Phillip II - answerKing of Spain that strictly enforced Catholicism (the Inquisition) and
used military force (the Armada, Battle of Lepanto), thus laying foundations for
Absolutism
Escorial - answergrand Spanish palace constructed by Phillip II; his version of Versailles
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Dreamer252. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $13.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
82292 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now