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ATCBE Test - Human Development: Q’s And A’s (Solved)
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ATCBE Test - Human Development: Q’s And A’s (Solved)
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ATCBE Test - Human Development: Q’s And A’s (Solved)Jean Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development & Stages Right Ans - Jean
Piaget's theory of cognitive development suggests that children move through
four different stages of mental development. His theory focuses not only on
understanding how children acquire knowledge, but also on understanding
the nature of intelligence. Intelligence is something that grows and develops
through a series of stages:
Sensorimotor stage: birth to 2 years
Preoperational stage: ages 2 to 7
Concrete operational stage: ages 7 to 11
Formal operational stage: ages 12 and up
The Sensorimotor Stage Right Ans - In Piaget's theory, Birth to 2 years,
during this earliest stage of cognitive development, infants and toddlers
acquire knowledge through sensory experiences and manipulating objects. A
child's entire experience at the earliest period of this stage occurs through
basic reflexes, senses, and motor responses. Object permanence- things
continue to exist without being seen
The Preoperational Stage Right Ans - In Piaget's theory, the stage (from
about 2 to 6 or 7 years of age) during which a child learns to use language but
does not yet comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic, think
symbolically uses words and pictures to represent objects, very concrete
thinking,
Concrete Operational Stage Right Ans - In Piaget's theory, the stage of
cognitive development (from about 6 or 7 to 11 years of age) during which
children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about
concrete events, begin using inductive logic, become less egocentric
The Formal Operational Stage Right Ans - In Piaget's theory, the stage of
cognitive development (normally beginning about age 12) during which
people begin to think abstractly, deductive reasoning, and hypothetical
reasonings,
Schema Right Ans - In Piaget's view, a schema includes both a category of
knowledge and the process of obtaining that knowledge. As experiences
, happen, this new information is used to modify, add to, or change previously
existing schemas. A conceptual framework a person uses to make sense of the
world.
Assimilation Right Ans - The process of taking in new information into our
already existing schemas and interpreting it as such (Piaget)
Accomodation Right Ans - Adapting one's current understandings
(schemas) to incorporate new information
Deductive Reasoning Right Ans - Reasoning from the general to the
particular (or from cause to effect).
Inductive Reasoning Right Ans - Reasoning from detailed facts (the
particular) to general principles. The ability to generalize
Transductive Reasoning Right Ans - Reasoning used by young child, in
which cause and effect may be confused or inaccurate
Howard Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences Right Ans - Eight
intelligences in problem solving: namely linguistic, musical, logical-
mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, naturalistic, interpersonal, and
intrapersonal. Possible ninth is existential.
Intellectual functioning Right Ans - includes reasoning, learning, problem
solving, thinking abstractly, comprehending complex ideas, learning quickly
and from experience; intelligence is a general mental ability measured by IQ;
an individual's level of functioning, the capacity for symbolic functioning,
continuum of concrete to abstract thinking
Cognitive Skills Right Ans - Memory, perception, sequencing (the capacity
to order tasks), and problem-solving
Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development Right Ans - Impact of
social experience across the whole lifespan, Includes stages:
(1) Trust vs. Mistrust;
(2) Autonomy vs. Shame;
(3) Initiative vs. Guilt;
(4) Industry vs. Inferiority;
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