BIO 101 TEST QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS ALREADY
GRADED A+
64 possible mRNA codons - Answer-triplet combinations of A, U, G, and C. Three
specify the termination of protein synthesis and 61 specify the addition of amino acids to
the polypeptide chain. Of these 61, one codon (AUG) also known as the "start codon"
encodes the initiation of translation.
Anticodon - Answer-Group of three bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary
to an mRNA codon
tRNAs need to interact with three factors: - Answer-They must be recognized by the
correct aminoacyl synthetase.
They must be recognized by ribosomes.
They must bind to the correct sequence in mRNA.
Scientists theorized that amino acids were encoded by and that the
genetic code was - Answer-nucleotide triplets, degenerate. In other words, a
given amino acid could be encoded by more than one nucleotide triplet.
codons - Answer-A three-nucleotide sequence of DNA or mRNA that specifies a
particular amino acid or termination signal; the basic unit of the genetic code.
three of the 64 codons terminate protein synthesis and release the polypeptide from the
translation machinery . - Answer-(UAA, UAG, UGA). These triplets are
called stop codons, or nonsense codons.
AUG - Answer-In addition to specifying the amino acid methionine, serves as the start
codon to initiate translation. The reading frame for translation is set by the AUG start
codon near the 5′ end of the mRNA.
The genetic code is - Answer-Universal. With a few exceptions, virtually
all species use the same genetic code for protein synthesis.
Translation (protein synthesis) - Answer-Translation of the nucleotide sequence of a
messenger RNA molecule to the amino acid sequence of a protein.
information flow in an organism - Answer-takes place from DNA to RNA to protein
DNA dictates the structure of mRNA in a process known as , and RNA
dictates the structure of protein in a process known as . - Answer-
transcription, translation.
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS ALREADY
GRADED A+
64 possible mRNA codons - Answer-triplet combinations of A, U, G, and C. Three
specify the termination of protein synthesis and 61 specify the addition of amino acids to
the polypeptide chain. Of these 61, one codon (AUG) also known as the "start codon"
encodes the initiation of translation.
Anticodon - Answer-Group of three bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary
to an mRNA codon
tRNAs need to interact with three factors: - Answer-They must be recognized by the
correct aminoacyl synthetase.
They must be recognized by ribosomes.
They must bind to the correct sequence in mRNA.
Scientists theorized that amino acids were encoded by and that the
genetic code was - Answer-nucleotide triplets, degenerate. In other words, a
given amino acid could be encoded by more than one nucleotide triplet.
codons - Answer-A three-nucleotide sequence of DNA or mRNA that specifies a
particular amino acid or termination signal; the basic unit of the genetic code.
three of the 64 codons terminate protein synthesis and release the polypeptide from the
translation machinery . - Answer-(UAA, UAG, UGA). These triplets are
called stop codons, or nonsense codons.
AUG - Answer-In addition to specifying the amino acid methionine, serves as the start
codon to initiate translation. The reading frame for translation is set by the AUG start
codon near the 5′ end of the mRNA.
The genetic code is - Answer-Universal. With a few exceptions, virtually
all species use the same genetic code for protein synthesis.
Translation (protein synthesis) - Answer-Translation of the nucleotide sequence of a
messenger RNA molecule to the amino acid sequence of a protein.
information flow in an organism - Answer-takes place from DNA to RNA to protein
DNA dictates the structure of mRNA in a process known as , and RNA
dictates the structure of protein in a process known as . - Answer-
transcription, translation.
