Periop 101 Final Exam UPDATED Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Major components of medical video imaging include: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Fiber
optic light cable, Camera Control Unit (CCU)
Special considerations when using a endoscopic light source are: - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- Place in "standby" mode, do not turn on until light cable is connected to the
telescope, set according to manufacturer's parameters
Special considerations when using insufflation (establishing a pneumoperitoneum) -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Always have a backup tank available, position at the level of the
patients heart or higher to prevent gases from contaminating the device, make sure alarm is
on and audible, maintain pressure under 12 mm/Hg
Advantage of endoscopic surgery versus open surgery - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Smaller
incisions
Special considerations when using laparoscopic instruments - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
Scrub should inspect more closely because of unapparent defects that may not be apparent
with casual observation, focus on insulation because of risk for thermal burns if not intact
Special considerations for patient undergoing MIS/Endoscopic Surgery - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- Previous incisions (Hasson minilap) that may require additional sterile
supplies, hx of DVT, consent for possibility of open procedure, voiding to empty bladder and
prevent puncture during trocar placement/unnecessary catheterization
Correct fluid management procedures in MIS - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Monitor overload
of IV/irrigation fluids dispensed and returned during procedure (prevent hypervolemia/fluid
overload)
Mechanical Methods of Hemostasis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Manual pressure
(sponges), hemostatic clamps, sutures, staples, clips, ligatures, and/or pledgets
,What is a ligature? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Also known as a tie, strand tied around a
blood vessel to occlude bleeding; large vessels may require transfixion suture (crosscriss
stitch)
What is a pledget? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Non-absorbable suture support used when
possibility of sutures tearing through tissue
Where is a pledget most commonly used? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Vascular closure,
septal repair, heart repair and hepatic repair
What is bone wax? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- A mixture of beeswax, isopropyl, and a
softening agent
Where is bone wax used? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Ortho, neuro, and the sternum during
heart procedures
Chemical Methods of Hemostasis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Pharmocological methods
(meds such as epi, vit K, protamine, lysine, tranexamic acid)
Topical methods (thrombins, collagen gelatins, phenol sealants)
Thermal Methods of Hemostasis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- ECU via coagulation, bipolar
sealing devices, lasers, ultrasonic energy, Argon gas
Types of Surgical Sponges - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Laps, tonsils, neuro-patties,
dissector sponges, raytecs (4x4)
Counting of Sponges - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Before, during and after surgical
procedures
Separate as you count
Two people, one of whom is RN should count
Participation in Sponge Counts - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- All personnel in case are
responsible for counts including remaining aware of location of sponges
,RN responsibilities in Sponge Counts - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Initiate count (any team
member can initiate count??), perform count, document count activities, reporting count
deficiency
Drainage is achieved by ________ or ___________ means - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
passive (gravity) or active (suction)
Types of Drains - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Penrose, nasogastric, T-tube, suction drains,
chest tubes
What are Suction Drains and their purpose? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Remove blood,
pus, necrotic material from wounds via suctions (Jackson-Pratt for abdominal/breast,
Hemovac for ortho)
What is a Neutral Zone? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Designated area on surgical field
where scrub and surgeon place all sharp instruments
What is a Crile? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- A hemostat used to control bleeders in SQ
tissue
What is a Mosquito? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- A hemostat used to control superficial
bleeders in delicate surgery (hand/plastic)
What is a Kelly? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- A hemostat used to control bleeders in muscle
tissues
What are the Surgical Powered Cutting Instruments? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Bone
reamers, variable speed saws, tissue shavers
Care and handling of powered cutting instruments? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Always
hand to surgeon with safety on, always use with drill guard in place, always have irrigation
ready because of heat generation
, What are the Critical Concepts to the Periop Environment - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
Geographic isolation
Bacteriologic isolation through specific practices (attire, delivery/disposal systems)
Centralize equipment and supplies
What is Individualized Care? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Reflects art of nursing, meets
individual needs of pt, provide comfort measures
What is Standardized Care? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Derived from body of scientific
knowledge developed through research and clinical practice such as counting sponges
What is the Restricted Zone? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Located in the semi-restricted
area and only accessible via semi-restricted area; includes actual OR
How should air be cleaned in OR rooms? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Via HEPA filter,
under POSITIVE pressure and by 20 air exchanges per hour (minimum of 4 exchanges from
outdoor air)
What is the Semi-Restricted Zone? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Equipment and sterile
supply storage, SPD
What is the Unrestricted Zone? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Pre-Op Holding Area, Waiting
Rooms, Blood/Specimen processing
Important points about the 2 Piece Scrub Suit - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Lint free,
minimize bacterial shedding; secure at waist, tuck into pants and fit closely to the body to
prevent skin cells from shedding
Important points about Sterile Gowns - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Can be re-usable or
disposable, required by sterile team and resistant to strike-through by fluids
Important points about perioperative personnel's hair - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Cover
BEFORE surgical attire is donned, no skull caps unless covered by bouffant, wear in areas
where equipment is processed and stored
