Exam (elaborations)
Dietetics Exam 2 – Renal Questions and Answers
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Dietetics Exam 2 – Renal Questions and Answers
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Dietetics Exam 2 – Renal Questions andAnswers
What iiare iithe iifunctions iiof iithe iikidneys? ii- iiAnswers ii-1. iiMaintain iihomeostatic
iibalance
2. iiExcrete iitoxins
3. iiUrine iiexcretion/production
4. iiRe-absorption iiand iisecretion ii
5. iiActivation iiof iiD3
5. iiRennin/Angiotensin
BUN ii- iiAnswers ii-Nitrogenous iiwaster iiproduct iiof iiprotein iimetabolism
BUN iiis iiaffected iiby.. ii- iiAnswers ii-Dehydration, iiGI iibleeding, iishock, iiCHF, iisteroids,
iiburns, iifever
Normal iiBUN iiRange ii- iiAnswers ii-7-20mg/dL
Normal iiBUN iirange iion iiDialysis ii- iiAnswers ii-60-80mg/dL
Creatinine ii- iiAnswers ii-Waste iiproduct iigenerated iifrom iimuscle iimetabolism
Creatinine iiis iiaffected iiby... ii- iiAnswers ii-Diet
Normal iiCreatinine iiRange ii- iiAnswers ii-0.6-1.2mg/dL
GFR ii- iiAnswers ii-Rate iiat iiwhich iiblood iiis iifiltered iithrough iithe iiglomeruli iiof iithe iikidney
What iiis iithe iibest iilab iito iireview iiwhen iitrying iito iidetermine iioverall iikidney iifunction? ii-
iiAnswers ii-GFR
Tubular iiReabsorption ii- iiAnswers ii-substances iiflowing iiform iithe iirenal iitubule iito
iiperitubular iicapillaries
Tubular iiSecretion ii- iiAnswers ii-substances iiflowing iifrom iithe iiperitubular iicapillaries iito
iithe iirenal iitubule
Nephritic iiSyndrome ii- iiAnswers ii-Inflammation iiof iicapillary iiloops iiof iithe iiglomerulus
Symptoms iiof iiNephritic iiSyndrome ii- iiAnswers ii-Hematuria ii- iidark iiurine
Decreased iiurine iivolume
, Swelling
Joint iipain
Headache/blurred iivision
MNT iiNephritic iiSyndrome ii- iiAnswers ii-Restrict iiPRO iiand iiPotassium iiwith iiuremia iior
iihyperkalemia
Nephrotic iiSyndrome ii- iiAnswers ii-Non-specific iikidney iidisorder iicharacterized iiby
iiproteinuria, iihypoalbuminemia iiand iiedema
Common iiwith iiDM, iiLupus, iiamyloidosis, iidrugs, iiNil iidisease
Symptoms iiof iinephrotic iisyndrome ii- iiAnswers ii-Periorbital iiand iiankle iiedema
MNT iiNephrotic iiSyndrome ii- iiAnswers ii-Energy ii- ii35kcal/kg
PRO ii- ii0.8-1.9g/kg/day
Sodium iirestriction ii- ii2-3g/day
Low iiCholeserol/Low iisaturated iifat
What iiare iithe iicategories iiof iiacute iikidney iiinjury? ii- iiAnswers ii-Prerenal ii(60-70%) ii-
iidiminished iiblood iiflow iito iithe iikidneys
Intrinsic ii(25-40%) ii- iidisease iiwith iirenal iiparenchyma
Postrenal ii(5-10%) ii- iiobstruction iiin iiurinary iicollecting iisystem
What iiare iithe iimajor iitypes iiof iikidney iistones? ii- iiAnswers ii-Calcium iiStones
Uric iiAcid iiStones
Cystinine iiStones
Struvite iiStones
MNT iiCalcium iiOxalate iiStones ii- iiAnswers ii-2-3L iiof iifluid iineeded iidaily
Increase iiCitrate iiand iiMagnesium
Decrease iiAnimal iiProtein iiand iiSodium
Alkaline ii- iiash iidiet ii- iiAnswers ii-Increase ii- iimilk, iinuts, iivegetables, iiruit
Acid ii- iiash iidiet ii- iiAnswers ii-Limit ii- iimilk, iihigh iiprotein, iibread, iicereal, iicorn, iilentils,
iicranberries, iiplums
Hyperkalemia ii- iiAnswers ii-Can iicause iiweakness, iimuscle iicramps, iitiredness, iiirregular
iiheartbeat
Phosphorus ii- iiAnswers ii-Can iicause iiitching, iiweak iibones, iicalcium iideposits iiin iithe
iiblood
Sodium ii- iiAnswers ii-1000-3000 iimg iirestriction
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