NUR 2101 Midterm Exam 1 Questions And Solved Solutions.
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Course
Nur 2101
Institution
Nur 2101
Which statement by the patient indicates to the nurse that the patient is in the preparation stage of smoking cessation?
a. "I don't ever want to quit smoking."
b. "I hope to quit smoking sometime before I die."
c. "I am really working hard to stop smoking."
d. "I stocked up on nicotine patches...
NUR 2101 Midterm Exam 1 Questions
And Solved Solutions.
Which statement by the patient indicates to the nurse that the patient is in the preparation stage of
smoking cessation?
a. "I don't ever want to quit smoking."
b. "I hope to quit smoking sometime before I die."
c. "I am really working hard to stop smoking."
d. "I stocked up on nicotine patches and gum." - Answer d. "I stocked up on nicotine patches and gum."
"I stocked up on nicotine patches and gum" indicates that the patient is in the preparation stage of
behavior change. "I hope to quit smoking sometime before I die" indicates that the patient is in the
contemplation stage. "I am really working hard to stop smoking" indicates that the patient is in the
action stage. "I don't ever want to quit smoking" indicates that the patient is in the precontemplation
stage.
Which patient assessment finding must be addressed first according to Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
a. The patient is cyanotic and feels short of breath.
b. The patient refuses to participate in physical therapy.
c. The patient verbalizes anxiety about upcoming surgery.
d. The patient is unable to reposition in bed without assistance. - Answer a. The patient is cyanotic and
feels short of breath.
According to Maslow, individuals have to meet lower-level needs before they are able to satisfy higher-
level needs. The lowest level on the hierarchy consists of very basic physiological needs such as oxygen,
water, food (nutrition), sleep, and sex. The second level on the hierarchy consists of safety needs. The
third level on the hierarchy is love and belongingness, which is a desire to belong to groups. The fourth
level deals with the need for self-esteem.
Which patient action demonstrates the concept of health promotion?
a. The patient receives the influenza vaccination every year.
b. The patient participates in cardiac rehabilitation after a heart attack.
,c. The patient has yearly mammograms to screen for breast cancer.
d. The patient follows a macrobiotic, vegetarian diet with organic foods. - Answer d. The patient follows
a macrobiotic, vegetarian diet with organic foods.
Health promotion includes activities to increase well-being and maximize health potential. Patients can
do this by following a healthy diet free of chemicals and preservatives. Influenza vaccination,
mammograms, and cardiac rehabilitation are examples of health protection to avoid illness, detect it
early or maintain function despite chronic illness.
Which assessment finding is an example of an internal variable that influences the patient's health
beliefs?
a. The patient's spiritual beliefs prohibit the use of blood transfusions.
b. The patient's family is homeless after being evicted from their apartment.
c. The patient relies on a pharmacy assistance program to pay for medications.
d. The patient and community prefer natural medicines over prescription drugs. - Answer a. The
patient's spiritual beliefs prohibit the use of blood transfusions.
External variables for health beliefs and practices include family practices, socioeconomic factors, and
cultural background. Emotional factors, intellectual background, and developmental stage represent
internal variables.
Which action by the patient best represents primary prevention?
a. The patient utilizes a cane when walking to prevent falls.
b. The patient receives the influenza vaccination every year.
c. The patient participates in physical therapy after having a stroke.
d. The patient takes prescribed blood pressure medication every morning. - Answer b. The patient
receives the influenza vaccination every year.
A healthy individual getting a flu shot is primary prevention. Primary prevention precedes disease or
disability or dysfunction. Primary prevention aimed at health promotion includes health education
programs, immunizations, and physical and nutritional fitness activities. Taking blood pressure
medication every day is a secondary prevention because the patient is trying to prevent further
complications. Physical therapy after a cerebrovascular accident and using a cane for ambulation are
considered tertiary prevention as they prevent further complications.
,Which assessment finding is a modifiable risk factor for disease?
a. The patient has a family history of breast cancer.
b. The patient smokes two packs of cigarettes every day.
c. The patient was born with a congenital heart defect.
d. The patient's childhood home contained high levels of radon. - Answer b. The patient smokes two
packs of cigarettes every day.
Modifiable risk factors for disease may be changed to prevent the patient from becoming ill. Tobacco use
is an example of a modifiable risk factor. Childhood exposure to radon, congenital heart defect and
family history of cancer are examples of nonmodifiable risk factors.
Which is an example of an acute illness?
a. Type 2 diabetes
b. Multiple sclerosis
c. Alcohol addiction
d. Bacterial meningitis - Answer d. Bacterial meningitis
Acute illnesses are considered to last for a short time before resolving, such as bacterial meningitis.
Chronic illness lasts longer than 6 months and includes diseases such as diabetes, addiction, and multiple
sclerosis.
The diabetic patient sees the podiatrist regularly to prevent development of ulcers in the feet. Which
term best describes this action of the patient?
a. Health promotion
b. Primary prevention
c. Secondary prevention
d. Tertiary prevention - Answer c. Secondary prevention
A healthy individual getting a flu shot is primary prevention. Primary prevention precedes disease or
disability or dysfunction. Primary prevention aimed at health promotion includes health education
programs, immunizations, and physical and nutritional fitness activities. Taking blood pressure
, medication every day is a secondary prevention because the patient is trying to prevent further
complications. Physical therapy after a cerebrovascular accident and using a cane for ambulation are
considered tertiary prevention as they prevent further complications. Health promotion includes
activities to increase well-being and function rather than to prevent complications from existing disease.
Which statement indicates the patient's perception of susceptibility to illness as described by the Health
Belief Model?
a. "I am never going to get lung cancer so I refuse to stop smoking."
b. "Cancer is no big deal with all of the new treatments available now."
c. "I have been smoking for so many years that I will never be able to quit."
d. "I cannot afford the nicotine patches so I might as well keep on smoking." - Answer a. "I am never
going to get lung cancer so I refuse to stop smoking."
The first component of the Health Belief Model involves the patient's assessment of susceptibility to
illness. An example of this is the patient who denies the risk of lung cancer due to smoking. The second
component of the Health Belief Model is the perception of the seriousness of the illness. An example of
this is the patient who believes that cancer is no big deal. The third component of the Health Belief
Model is the likelihood that the patient will take corrective action. An example of this is the patient who
sees no need to quit smoking. The Health Promotion Model includes the readiness for the patient to
change. In this case, the patient has no intention to quit smoking.
Which action by the patient reflects a cultural influence on health practices?
a. The patient uses seaside purification rituals to ease arthritis pain.
b. The patient refuses to take blood pressure medicine due to the side effects.
c. The patient has annual mammograms to screen for breast cancer.
d. The patient avoids eating red meat due to a family history of heart disease. - Answer a. The patient
uses seaside purification rituals to ease arthritis pain.
Cultural background influences a person's beliefs, values, and customs. It influences personal health
practices. An example of this is the patient's use of seaside purification rituals to ease arthritis pain. The
patient's preventative screening tests and refusal to take medications due to side effects are not due to
cultural influences. Family history is separate from cultural influence.
Which is an example of how a psychosocial variable affects the patient's health beliefs?
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