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NURS 2031 Exam Questions With Complete Solutions
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NURS 2031 Exam Questions With Complete Solutions
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NURS 2031 Exam Questions With Complete SolutionsAre retrospective or prospective studies "stronger" Correct
Answer prospective because retrospective are more prone to
selection and recall bias
Define Health Research. Correct Answer Any research that is
relevant to health, incorporating a diverse number of
methodologies.
Define Research. Correct Answer A systemic process of
enquire that aims to generate new scientific knowledge.
Describe the Epistemological foundation Critical Realism.
Correct Answer - says that sometimes things just cannot be
explained, measured or observed
- try's to use theory but it cannot always be used
- emphasize context and that it can change any situation
Describe the Epistemological foundation Interpretivism.
Correct Answer - believe that everyone experiences things in
their own way through personal experience
- says that each person has a different view on reality
- does not try to generalize results because everyone experiences
reality differently
Describe the Epistemological foundation Positivism. Correct
Answer - relies on hard science
- relies on concrete results of things
- tried to make things generalized
- believes that there is only ONE reality
,- tries to create theories about why something is happening
Describe the Ontology of Constructivist/Constructivism.
Correct Answer Socially constructed objects, beliefs,
behaviours, etc. (Ie. sexuality, gender, etc.).
Describe the Ontology of Objectivist/Objectivism Correct
Answer Researcher study phenomena that exist as external
objects, things that they cannot change of control (weight, height
of an individual)
How are Independent and Dependent variables operationally
defined? Correct Answer IV = defined based on how it is
manipulated
DV = defined by how it will be measured
How do systemic reviews assess potential studies for
Methodological quality? Correct Answer - assess for risk of
bias = determine the extent to which studies have assessed
intervention effectiveness correctly
- CASP (Critical Appraisal Skills Program) = provides an
approach for assessing study designs with eight tools
- Jadad scale (example of framework that appraises Random
Controlled Trials = looks at drop outs, blinding and
randomization
- cover the criteria of the quality of the study design, selection
bias, con founders, data collection methods and analysis
- looking at percentage of participants who started the study
compared to who finished it
, - look at intention to treat = if someone drops out, they are still
accounted for, but they study why they left and if it was due to
the intervention
Independent variable vs. dependent variable. Correct Answer
independent: manipulated or controlled
dependent: variable being tested or measured
Qualitative vs. Quantitative Research. Correct Answer
qualitative = derives data from observation, interviews or verbal
interactions and focuses on meaning and interpretation of
participants. quantitative = is based on collected objective data
that can be subjected to statistical analysis
Three domains of study assessment. Correct Answer 1. Quality
- the extent to which a study's design, implementation, and
analysis minimize bias
2. Quantity - the number of studies in which the research
question has been evaluated, including overall sample size
across studies, as well as the strength of the findings from data
analysis
3. Consistency - the degree to which familiar findings are
reported from investigations of the same research question in
studies that have similar and different designs
Three types of Epistemological foundations: Correct Answer 1.
Positivist/Positivism
2. Interpretivism
3. Critical Realism
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