NURS 234- Exam #5 Questions With 100%
Verified Answers
Immunity present at birth and includes biochemical, physical, and mechanical barriers of
defense, as well as the inflammatory response - answer✔innate immunity (natural immunity)
immunity recieved passively from the mother's antibodies, animal serum, or antibodies produced
in response to disease - answer✔acquired immunity
produces active acquired immunity - answer✔immunizations
this type of response provides protection against acute, rapidly developing bacterial and viral
infections, immediate - answer✔humoral response
this type of response is active against slowly developing bacterial infections and is involved in
autoimmune responses. - answer✔cellular response
retrovirus that integrates into the CD4 lymphocytes - answer✔HIV
directs immunity and regulates the activity of all immune system cells - answer✔CD4+
lymphocytes
compromise of CD4+ lymphocytes leads to what - answer✔severe immunodeficiency
opportunistic infections
malignancies
considered a chronic disorder of impaired immunity - answer✔HIV
higher incident rates of HIV occur in what type of groups - answer✔minority groups
changes the CD4+ T cell role and its immune system defenses - answer✔HIV infection
in early infection before HIV disease is evident, the immune system does what -
answer✔attaches and destroys most of the newly created virus particles
what happens to the CD4+ T cell count and viral load during an untreated HIV infection -
answer✔CD4+ cell decreases
viral load increases
what usually kills HIV/AIDS patients - answer✔opportunistic infections
what s/s do you feel in stage 1 (acute infection phase) of HIV - answer✔flu like s/s
how long does it take flu like s/s take to show after contracting the virus - answer✔2-4 weeks
chronic HIV infection after acute infection stage, can lasts for decades, diagnosis and meds start
here - answer✔clinical latency stage (stage 2)
AIDS occurs when CD4 cell count falls below what - answer✔200 cells/mm3
what happens to the CD4 cell count and viral load if the patient is compliant with meds -
answer✔CD4 count increase
viral load decreases
if a patient with HIV has a viral load of 100,000 and a CD4 count of 275, what needs done -
answer✔find out if they are compliant with meds
can a woman breastfeed if she has HIV - answer✔no
we can detect HIV with a viral load as low as what - answer✔20
how to prevent HIV - answer✔avoid unprotected sex
abstinence
be faithful
use condom
SP within healthcare
the higher this is, the greater risk for sexual and perinatal transmission - answer✔blood level of
HIV
who should take PreEP - answer✔people with risky sexual behavior
people with HIV+ partner
Discovy PO
if a patient is taking PreEP medications how often do they need renal function tests -
answer✔every 3 months
PreEp medications should be avoided in what patients - answer✔those with Hep B
what situations would we need to treat patients for HIV exposure - answer✔dirty needle sticks
sexual assault victims
how long do we have to administer postexposure HIV prophylaxis after exposure - answer✔72
hours
what are the 3 drugs used for postexposure HIV prophylaxis - answer✔tenofovir
emtricitabine
raltegravir
how long is a patient on postexposure prophylaxis after HIV exposure - answer✔28 days
personal life factors that can affect timing progression of HIV - answer✔stress
nutritional status
presence of STDs
frequent re-exposure to HIV
individuals who are at high risk of HIV exposure should be tested how often - answer✔annually
individuals at a low risk of HIV exposure should be tested when - answer✔once between the
ages of 15-65
what type of CBC is done to test for HIV - answer✔CBC with differential
this test measures RNA particles in 1 mL of blood - answer✔viral load testing
can determine the presence of antibodies to HIV in the blood or salvia - answer✔Elisa
if an Elisa test is positive, what needs done - answer✔Western Blot Test
a confirmatory test for HIV - answer✔Western Blot Test
if a western blot test is indeterminate, what needs done - answer✔repeat in 3-6 months
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