PEDS Final Exam Questions With Complete Solutions
A 1 year old is on a pure vegetarian (vegan) diet. This diet
requires supplementation with what? Correct Answer Vitamins
D and B12
A 1-month-old infant is admitted to the hospital. The infant's
mother is 17 years old and single and lives with her parents.
Who signs the informed consent for the 1-month-old infant?
Correct Answer The infant's mother
A 10-year-old girl needs to have another intravenous (IV) line
started. She keeps telling the nurse, "Wait a minute," and, "I'm
not ready". How should the nurse interpret this behavior?
Correct Answer This is expected behavior for a school-age
child
A 12 year old girl asks the nurse about an increase in clear white
odorless vaginal discharge. What response should the nurse
give? Correct Answer This is normal before menstruation starts
A 12-year-old boy is in the final phase of dying from leukemia.
He tells the nurse who is giving him opiates for pain that his
grandfather is waiting for him. How should the nurse interpret
this situation? Correct Answer He is demonstrating readiness
and acceptance that death is near
A 12-year-old child with Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is
admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit. She tells you that
yesterday her legs were weak and that this morning she was
unable to walk. After the nurse determines the current level of
,paralysis, which should the next priority assessment be? Correct
Answer swallowing ability
A 13-year-old child with cystic fibrosis (CF) is a frequent
patient on the pediatric unit. This admission, she is sleeping
during the daytime and unable to sleep at night. What should be
a beneficial strategy for this child? Correct Answer Negotiate a
daily schedule that incorporates hospital routine, therapy, and
free time
A 14-year-old adolescent is hospitalized with cystic fibrosis.
What nursing note entry represents best documentation of his
breakfast meal? Correct Answer One pancake, eggs, and 240
mL OJ
A 14-year-old girl is in the intensive care unit after a spinal cord
injury 2 days ago. What nursing intervention is a priority for this
child? Correct Answer Monitoring and maintaining systemic
blood pressure
A 15 year old girl tells the school nurse that she has not started
to menstruate yet. Onset of secondary sexual characteristics was
about 2 1/2 years ago. The nurse should take which action?
Correct Answer Refer the adolescent for an evaluation
A 16-year-old comes to the pediatric clinic for information on
birth control. The nurse knows that before this young woman
can be examined, consent must be obtained from which source?
Correct Answer Herself
,A 17 year old female is being evaluated for bariatric surgery.
She weighs 113.63 kg and her height measurement is 1.57 m.
What is her BMI using the formula? weight (kg)/height (m)2
Correct Answer 46
A 2-week-old infant with down syndrome is being seen in the
clinic. His mother tells the nurse that he is difficult to hold, that
"he's like a rag doll. He doesn't cuddle up to me like my other
babies did." What is the nurse's best interpretation of this lack of
clinging or molding? Correct Answer A physical
characteristics of Down Syndrome
A 2-year-old child starts to have a tonic-clonic seizure. The
child's jaws are clamped. What is the most important nursing
action at this time? Correct Answer Stay with the child and
observe his respiratory status
A 20 kg (44 lbs) child in ketoacidosis is admitted to the pediatric
intensive care unit. What order should the nurse not implement
until clarified with the physician? Correct Answer Begin
intravenous line with D5 0.45% normal saline with 20 mEq of
potassium chloride
A 3 month old infant dies shortly after arrival to the emergency
department. The infant has subdural and retinal hemorrhages but
no external signs of trauma. What should the nurse suspect?
Correct Answer Shaken baby syndrome
A 3-month-old infant is admitted to the pediatric unit for
treatment of bronchiolitis. The infant's vital signs are T 101.6 F,
P 106 beats/min apical, and R 70 breaths/min. The infant is
, irritable and fussy and coughs frequently. IV fluids are given via
a peripheral venipuncture. Fluids by mouth were initially
contraindicated for what reason? Correct Answer Tachypnea
A 4 year old child tells the nurse that she doesn't want another
blood sample drawn because "I need all of my insides and I
don't want anyone taking them out." What is the nurse's best
interpretation of this? Correct Answer Preschoolers have
poorly defined body boundaries
A 4-year-old boy is hospitalized with a serious bacterial
infection. He tells the nurse that he is sick because he was "bad."
The nurse's best interpretation of this comment is that it is
Correct Answer Common at this age
A 4-year-old girl is brought to the emergency department. She
has a "froglike" croaking sound on inspiration, is agitated, and is
drooling. She insists on sitting upright. The nurse should
intervene in which manner? Correct Answer Notify the
physician immediately and be prepared to assist with intubation
A 5-year-old child has bilateral eye patches in place after
surgery yesterday morning. Today he can be out of bed. What
nursing intervention is most important at this time? Correct
Answer Orient him to his immediate surroundings
A 5-year-old child returns from the pediatric intensive care unit
after abdominal surgery. The orders state to monitor vital signs
every 2 hr. On assessment, the nurse observes that the child's
heart rate is 20 beats/min less than it was preoperatively. What
A 1 year old is on a pure vegetarian (vegan) diet. This diet
requires supplementation with what? Correct Answer Vitamins
D and B12
A 1-month-old infant is admitted to the hospital. The infant's
mother is 17 years old and single and lives with her parents.
Who signs the informed consent for the 1-month-old infant?
Correct Answer The infant's mother
A 10-year-old girl needs to have another intravenous (IV) line
started. She keeps telling the nurse, "Wait a minute," and, "I'm
not ready". How should the nurse interpret this behavior?
Correct Answer This is expected behavior for a school-age
child
A 12 year old girl asks the nurse about an increase in clear white
odorless vaginal discharge. What response should the nurse
give? Correct Answer This is normal before menstruation starts
A 12-year-old boy is in the final phase of dying from leukemia.
He tells the nurse who is giving him opiates for pain that his
grandfather is waiting for him. How should the nurse interpret
this situation? Correct Answer He is demonstrating readiness
and acceptance that death is near
A 12-year-old child with Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is
admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit. She tells you that
yesterday her legs were weak and that this morning she was
unable to walk. After the nurse determines the current level of
,paralysis, which should the next priority assessment be? Correct
Answer swallowing ability
A 13-year-old child with cystic fibrosis (CF) is a frequent
patient on the pediatric unit. This admission, she is sleeping
during the daytime and unable to sleep at night. What should be
a beneficial strategy for this child? Correct Answer Negotiate a
daily schedule that incorporates hospital routine, therapy, and
free time
A 14-year-old adolescent is hospitalized with cystic fibrosis.
What nursing note entry represents best documentation of his
breakfast meal? Correct Answer One pancake, eggs, and 240
mL OJ
A 14-year-old girl is in the intensive care unit after a spinal cord
injury 2 days ago. What nursing intervention is a priority for this
child? Correct Answer Monitoring and maintaining systemic
blood pressure
A 15 year old girl tells the school nurse that she has not started
to menstruate yet. Onset of secondary sexual characteristics was
about 2 1/2 years ago. The nurse should take which action?
Correct Answer Refer the adolescent for an evaluation
A 16-year-old comes to the pediatric clinic for information on
birth control. The nurse knows that before this young woman
can be examined, consent must be obtained from which source?
Correct Answer Herself
,A 17 year old female is being evaluated for bariatric surgery.
She weighs 113.63 kg and her height measurement is 1.57 m.
What is her BMI using the formula? weight (kg)/height (m)2
Correct Answer 46
A 2-week-old infant with down syndrome is being seen in the
clinic. His mother tells the nurse that he is difficult to hold, that
"he's like a rag doll. He doesn't cuddle up to me like my other
babies did." What is the nurse's best interpretation of this lack of
clinging or molding? Correct Answer A physical
characteristics of Down Syndrome
A 2-year-old child starts to have a tonic-clonic seizure. The
child's jaws are clamped. What is the most important nursing
action at this time? Correct Answer Stay with the child and
observe his respiratory status
A 20 kg (44 lbs) child in ketoacidosis is admitted to the pediatric
intensive care unit. What order should the nurse not implement
until clarified with the physician? Correct Answer Begin
intravenous line with D5 0.45% normal saline with 20 mEq of
potassium chloride
A 3 month old infant dies shortly after arrival to the emergency
department. The infant has subdural and retinal hemorrhages but
no external signs of trauma. What should the nurse suspect?
Correct Answer Shaken baby syndrome
A 3-month-old infant is admitted to the pediatric unit for
treatment of bronchiolitis. The infant's vital signs are T 101.6 F,
P 106 beats/min apical, and R 70 breaths/min. The infant is
, irritable and fussy and coughs frequently. IV fluids are given via
a peripheral venipuncture. Fluids by mouth were initially
contraindicated for what reason? Correct Answer Tachypnea
A 4 year old child tells the nurse that she doesn't want another
blood sample drawn because "I need all of my insides and I
don't want anyone taking them out." What is the nurse's best
interpretation of this? Correct Answer Preschoolers have
poorly defined body boundaries
A 4-year-old boy is hospitalized with a serious bacterial
infection. He tells the nurse that he is sick because he was "bad."
The nurse's best interpretation of this comment is that it is
Correct Answer Common at this age
A 4-year-old girl is brought to the emergency department. She
has a "froglike" croaking sound on inspiration, is agitated, and is
drooling. She insists on sitting upright. The nurse should
intervene in which manner? Correct Answer Notify the
physician immediately and be prepared to assist with intubation
A 5-year-old child has bilateral eye patches in place after
surgery yesterday morning. Today he can be out of bed. What
nursing intervention is most important at this time? Correct
Answer Orient him to his immediate surroundings
A 5-year-old child returns from the pediatric intensive care unit
after abdominal surgery. The orders state to monitor vital signs
every 2 hr. On assessment, the nurse observes that the child's
heart rate is 20 beats/min less than it was preoperatively. What
