Western Civilization
Exam 1 Questions and
Complete Solutions
Graded A+
civilization - Answer: advanced/refined way of life especially connected with life in urban societies
hierarchy - Answer: ranking people as as superiors or inferiors
hunter-gatherers - Answer: human beings who roam to hunt and gather food in the wild and do not live
in permanent, settle communities
city-state - Answer: an urban center exercising political and economic control over the surrounding
countryside
patriarchy - Answer: domination by men in political, social, and economic life
redistributive economy - Answer: kings and priests regulated most o the economy in their kingdoms by
controlling the exchange of food and goods between farmers and craft procures in a system
polytheism - Answer: worshipping many gods thought to control different aspects of life, including the
weather, fertility, and war
cuneiform - Answer: A system of wedge-shaped marks pressed into clay tablets to represent the sounds
of syllables and entire words; from cuneus, latin for wedge
, empire - Answer: a political state in which a single power rules formerly independent peoples
hammurabi - Answer: King of Babylon; most famous lawgiver in Mesopotamia
hieroglyphic - Answer: pictographic script
maat - Answer: goddess of the divine force of justice
wisdom literature - Answer: texts giving instructions for appropriate behavior
palace society - Answer: a name pointing to its sprawling multi chambered buildings housing not only
the rulers, their families, and their servants, but also the political, economic, and religious administrative
offices of the state.
mediterranean polyculture - Answer: The cultivation of olives, grapes, and grains in a single, interrelated
agricultural system-- greatly increased the health and wealth of the Minoan society
linear B - Answer: a pictographic script based on Linear A; used to write Greek, NOT Minoan
sea peoples - Answer: different groups operating separately
how did life change for people in and nearby Mesopotamia, first after the neolithic revolution and then
when they began to live in cities? - Answer: after: they started sewing seeds for annual harvests and the
positions of authority were allowed to supervise the irrigation system that supported the agricultural
surpluses, there was more hierarchy. cities: foreign trade and the invention of the wheel (transportation
and strong economy).
how did religion guide the lives of both rulers and ordinary people in ancient Egypt? - Answer: Rulers: 1.
they are divine. 2. they will have an afterlife with the gods. If there was a flood that meant the gods likes
what the ruler was doing. Ordinary people: 1. they didnt go to an afterlife with the gods. 2. because they
believed that the gods would cause the floods, their lives depended on it.
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