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NURAND428 Basic Pharmacology Ch.8 with 100- correct answers 2025(passed)
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NURAND428 Basic Pharmacology Ch.8 with 100- correct answers 2025(passed)
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NURAND428:Basic
Pharmacology
Ch.8 with 100%
correct answers
2025(passed)
Central Nervous System (CNS) - answer Anatomical division of the
nervous system located within the cranial and vertebral cavities, namely
the brain and spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) - answer An anatomical division of the
nervous system that is largely outside the cranial and vertebral cavities,
namely all parts except the brain and spinal cord
Neurotransmitter - answer Chemical signal that is released from the
synaptic end bulb of a neuron to cause a change in the target cell
Neuron - answer Cells that carry electrical impulses to the synapse of a
target organ
, Chemical Synapse - answer Connection between two neurons, or between
a neuron and its target, where a neurotransmitter diffuses across a very
short distance
Electrical Synapse - answer Connection between two neurons, or any two
electrically active cells, where ions flow directly through channels
spanning their adjacent cell membranes
Threshold - answer The membrane voltage at which an action potential is
initiated
Action Potential - answer A change in voltage of a cell membrane is
response to a stimulus that results in transmission of an electrical signal;
unique to neurons and muscle fibers
Thalamus - answer The region of the central nervous system that acts as
a relay for sensory pathways
Types of Neurotransmitters - answer Amino acids and biogenic amine
Amino Acids - answer One group of neurotransmitters are amino acids;
GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) is an example of an amino acid
neurotransmitter; they each have their own receptors and do not interact
with each other; they are eliminated from the synapse by reuptake; a
pump in the cell membrane of the presynaptic element, or sometimes a
neighboring glial cell, will clear the amino acid from the synaptic cleft so
that it can be recycled, repackaged in vesicles, and released again
Biogenic Amine - answer A group of neurotransmitters that are
enzymatically made from amino acids; (ex. Serotonin is made from
tryptophan); basis of serotonergic system, which has its own specific
receptors; serotonin is transported back into the presynaptic cell for
repackaging
Other Biogenic Amines are made from... - answer Tyrosine and include
dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine; dopamine is part of its own
system, the dopaminergic system, which has dopamine receptors;
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