1.1 Introducing Psychology
"The most important thing a psychologist can study is how a behavior or thought helps a person
navigate the world, rather than how that thought comes to be or what it is made of."
This viewpoint probably comes from
somebody who believes in what historical theoretical approach? - ANS Functionalism
Ambre believes that each thought or memory can be broken down into smaller elements, such
as emotions and concepts behind them.
In which historical approach to psychology would she find people who believe the same thing? -
ANS Structuralism
Marnie is handed a teddy bear and begins to describe what she is experiencing: "This is brown.
It is soft. It is wearing a red bow."
What historic research technique is she using? - ANS Introspection
Maya cannot stop binge-watching television. At first, she believes that this is a genetic trait that
she inherited from her father, who also loves to watch television shows. However, Maya also
notices that all of her friends watch television, and it is considered a popular pastime in the
community in which she was raised. Maya cannot decide if her genetics or community is the
stronger influence.
Maya's reasoning exemplifies which psychological debate? - ANS Nature versus nurture
Which is NOT an explanation for why new approaches began to emerge in the 1950s and
1960s, challenging the dominance of psychodynamic and behaviorist approach? - ANS
Behaviorists were criticized for not being scientific.
A psychologist who believes depression is linked to a decrease in the availability of the
neurotransmitter serotonin would be following which perspective? - ANS Biological
In an effort to help a child overcome a fear of dogs, a therapist pairs a stimulus associated with
dogs with a new, positive stimulus that creates an emotional response that is incompatible with
fear? - ANS Behavioral
Dr. Thompson researches how different study techniques help people encode and store new
memories. Which psychological approach BEST fits his research? - ANS Cognitive
, Dr. James hypothesizes that his patient, Jacob, misbehaves in class because it allows him to
get attention from his peers. - ANS Behavioral
Which of the following approaches would explain a football player's aggressive tendencies by
discussing their high levels of testosterone or unique brain anatomy? - ANS Biological
A school psychologist believes that a child is acting up in class because he perceives that the
teacher does not like him and thinks that no matter how he behaves he will be reprimanded and
called out. The school psychologist is working with the child to replace these thoughts with more
realistic ideas about general expectations for class behavior.
Which of the following perspectives is the school psychologist likely using with this child? - ANS
Cognitive
Which of the following psychological approaches would MOST likely examine the unconscious
motives of a man who is overly aggressive towards his wife and children. - ANS
Psychodynamic
Trevor, a high school senior, has always been a great student. However, in the last few months,
he has quit the soccer team, lost interest in hanging out with his friends, and has seen a severe
drop in his grades. Even though he has always been very close to his parents, Trevor refuses to
talk to them regarding his behavior change. As a result, his parents decide to take him to a
doctor. His doctor feels Trevor is suffering from clinical depression as a result of a concussion
he received earlier in the season.
Which perspective BEST explains Trevor's behavior according to his doctor? - ANS Biological
Jennifer has been having difficulty in school. Her grades have dropped, and she seems
completely uninterested in participating in after school activities. Her mom believes her new
boyfriend is the reason Jennifer's attitude has changed.
Which perspective would BEST align with the explanation Jennifer's mom gives for her behavior
change. - ANS Sociocultural
Mrs. Adams teaches algebra. She believes that positive reinforcement is the key to classroom
management. Even though she teaches high school, she puts stickers on good papers and
offers candy treats for when her students exceed her expectations.
Which psychological perspective is Mrs. Adams using with her approach to classroom
management? - ANS Behavioral
Jenna is interested in pursuing a career that allows her to devise plans on how to motivate
employees to provide the best customer service possible.
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