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NR668 Week 2 Latest Version (2024/2025)-Questions with Correct Answers/Verified
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NR668 Week 2 Latest Version (2024/2025)-Questions with Correct Answers/Verified
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NR668 Week 2 Latest Version (2024/2025)-Questions with CorrectAnswers/Verified
Theoretical models in psychotherapy - ✔✔-Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
-Health Belief Model
-Transtheoretical Model of Change
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - ✔✔-Abraham Maslow theorized that all individuals have the
same basic needs
-provides a framework for understanding client motivation
-first four levels of need in the hierarchy
• physiological needs, safety, love & belonging, esteem
• deficiency needs (D-needs)
• Motivation decreases once D-needs are met
-highest level of need
• self-actualization
• considered a growth or being need (B-need)
-Once D-needs are met, clients can focus on self-actualization and personal growth
-A self-actualized person is self-fulfilled.
Qualities exhibited by the self-actualized person include: - ✔✔independence, autonomy,
creativity, and maturity
Ed is a 32-year-old client who is beginning psychotherapy with the PMHNP. During the
interview, Ed shares that he has been unemployed for the past 6 months due to
consolidation at his former place of employment. Since then, he reports that he has had
difficulty sleeping due to worries about what he should do. His wife has a full-time job with
health benefits and has been supportive of him taking time to find the ideal position while
he is collecting unemployment; however, his unemployment will run out in a few months.
He would love to find a position that would allow him to use his artistic talents but
expresses a lack of self-confidence in his ability to succeed in a new position. Ed reports that
he has felt somewhat isolated now that he doesn't see his friends at work.
The PMHNP has identified needs for Ed at all levels of Maslow's hierarchy. Drag the client's
concern to the appropriate level of the hierarchy - ✔✔Physiological: difficulty sleeping
,Safety: unemployment
Love/belonging: isolation
Esteem: lack of self-confidence
Self-actualization: the need for creativity
The client expresses that his goal is to focus on improving his self-confidence. Based on
Maslow's hierarchy of needs, is Ed likely to be prepared to explore his lack of self-
confidence?
Yes
No - ✔✔No
Rationale: Because Ed has unmet needs at the physiological, safety, and love/belonging
levels of the hierarchy, he may not yet be prepared to explore self-confidence. The PMHNP
may need to help the client address more foundational needs as part of the initial therapy
before helping him focus on improving his confidence.
Health Belief Model - ✔✔-used to explain and predict health behaviors
-person's belief about a perceived threat of illness combined with belief in the effectiveness
of the recommended action predict the person's willingness to change
-constructs:
• perceived seriousness
• perceived susceptibility
• perceived benefits of treatment
• perceived barriers to treatment
• cues to action
• self-efficacy
Health Belief Model Constructs: Perceived susceptibility - ✔✔clients must believe they are
susceptible to the condition
,Health Belief Model Constructs: Perceived severity - ✔✔clients must believe the condition
has serious consequences if left unattended
Health Belief Model Constructs: Perceived benefits - ✔✔clients must believe that taking
action reduces their susceptibility
Health Belief Model Constructs: Perceived barriers - ✔✔clients must believe that the
benefits of acting are greater than the barriers perceived
Health Belief Model Constructs: Cue to action - ✔✔clients are exposed to something that
causes them to act, such as an ad or discussion with a provider
Health Belief Model Constructs: Self-efficacy - ✔✔clients feel they can succeed when
performing an action
Transtheoretical Model of Change - ✔✔-assumes that behavior changes take place over
time & that people move through stages of decision-making to make changes to behavior
-five stages
1. precontemplation
• not aware or interested in change
2. contemplation
• begin thinking about change
3. preparation
• plan for change
4. action
• change old habits and gain new, healthier habits
5. maintenance
• continue with healthier behaviors
Nancy is a 64-year-old who is wondering if losing weight might benefit her self-esteem and
self-confidence. Based on the transtheoretical model of change, which of the following
, actions by the PMHNP would be appropriate for Nancy if she is in the contemplation stage
of change?
-Ask Nancy to create a list of reasons that she wants to lose weight.
-Refer Nancy to her primary provider to obtain medical clearance for an exercise program.
-Explore Nancy's anxiety and emotional responses related to being overweight.
-Help Nancy create a list of non-food rewards. - ✔✔Ask Nancy to create a list of reasons that
she wants to lose weight.
Rationale: Creating a list of reasons to lose weight would be appropriate for the
contemplation phase. Obtaining medical clearance for exercise is a part of the preparation
phase of the Transtheoretical Model of Change. Exploring emotional responses to being
overweight would be appropriate for the precontemplation phase. Addressing rewards for
reinforcement of behaviors would occur in the action phase.
Freud's 5 Stages of Psychosexual Development - ✔✔-oral phase
• age 0-1
-anal phase
• age 1-3
-phallic
• age 3-6
• boy's conflict: rivalry with father (Oedipus complex); desire to poses mother and fantasize
about getting ride of father but know father is stronger and fear being punished for desire
(castration anxiety)
-latency
• age 7-13
• libido is suppressed, sexual energy sublimed into developing life skills
• superego strengthens, identify with social values, same sex heros & friends.
• no real conflict during this phase
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