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Microbiology 210 Exam 1 Lecture Notes Questions And Answers
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Microbiology 210 Exam 1 Lecture Notes Questions And Answers
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Solution 2024/2025Pepper
Microbiology 210 Exam 1 Lecture Notes
Questions And Answers
What is microbiology? ANS✔✔ The study of living things too small to be seen without magnification
How do microorganisms (microscopic organisms) exist? ANS✔✔ As single cells or cell clusters
What distinguishes microorganisms from animals and plants? ANS✔✔ They are unable to live in nature and can exist
ONLY as parts of multicellular organisms.
How have microbes impacted Earth? ANS✔✔ 1. Shaped the development of habitats and the evolution of other life
forms
2. Ubiquitous - can be found nearly anywhere
3. Play central roles in processes that essential to life
What two processes help microbes with the flow of energy and food through Earth's ecosystems? ANS✔✔ 1.
Photosynthesis
-- Anoxygenic
-- Oxygenic
** Photosynthetic microorganisms contribute the majority of the oxygen in the atmosphere.
2. Decomposition and nutrient recycling
How do humans use microorganisms? ANS✔✔ Examples:
Baker's and brewer's yeast
Cheese production
, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper
Moldy bread on wounds
1. Biotechnology
-- Making products in an industrial setting
2. Genetic engineering
-- Creating GMOs
3. Bioremediation
-- Introducing microbes into environment to restore stability or clean up toxic pollutants
How can microbes be classified? ANS✔✔ Bacteria and Archaea (prokaryotes)
Fungi
Protozoa
Algae
Other
-- Parasitic worms (helminths)
-- Viruses (nonliving)
Compare and contrast the prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells of microorganisms ANS✔✔ Similarities: Cell membrane,
ribosome, cytoplasm
Differences: Eukaryote has more organelles including a nucleus; prokaryote has no nucleus, a cell wall, and a nucleoid
What is the difference between the cell walls of bacteria and archaea? ANS✔✔ Bacteria cell walls contain peptidoglycan
Archaea cell walls are composed of polymers
What is so unique about the living conditions of archaea? ANS✔✔ They are found in extreme environments such as the
cold Antarctic ice, the salty Dead Sea, the dry deserts, etc.
How are fungi (single-celled or filamentous) ecologically important? ANS✔✔ They obtain nutrients by breaking down
organic (C & H2) matter
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