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Cscc Physiology Lecture Exam 4 Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions Already Passed!!!
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Cscc Physiology Lecture Exam 4 Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions Already Passed!!!
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Cscc Physiology Lecture Exam 4Questions And Answers With Verified
Solutions Already Passed!!!
In addition to eliminating wastes, what are 6 other homeostatic functions of the
kidney? - ANSWER✔✔fluid volume, blood volume & pressure, serum electrolyte
concentrations, blood pH, erythropiesis and nutrients.
Identify 4 nutrients regulated by the kidney. - ANSWER✔✔glucose, amino acids,
calcium and vitamin D.
Identify 4 examples of nitrogenous wastes. - ANSWER✔✔creatinine, ammonia,
urea and uric acid.
Why are nephrons the functional unit of the kidney? - ANSWER✔✔They are the
smallest unit that can make urine.
List the parts of the nephron in the order that fluid passes through them -
ANSWER✔✔Renal corpuscle (golmerulus, bowman's capsule) > PCT (proximal
convoluted tubule) > Loop of Henle > DCT (distal convoluted tubule) > Collecting
tubule.
Renal corpuscles are in the superficial/outer cortex. - ANSWER✔✔Cortical
nephrons.
Renal corpuscles are in the deeper/inner cortex. - ANSWER✔✔Juxtamendullary
nephrons
,Have long loops of Henle. - ANSWER✔✔Cortical nephrons.
Have short loops of Henle. - ANSWER✔✔Juxamendullary nephrons.
What four structures comprise the renal tubule? - ANSWER✔✔Bowman's capsule
> PCT > loop of Henle > DCT
Which structure filtrates the blood? - ANSWER✔✔Glomerulus.
Which structure funnels filtrate? - ANSWER✔✔Bowman's capsule.
Describe "reabsorption" and indicate the correct direction (filtrate to urine? Filtrate
to blood?) - ANSWER✔✔Reabsorb the "good stuff" (nutrients, electrolytes, water)
from filtrate and turn it to blood. (filtrate to blood).
Describe "secretion" and indicate the correct direction. - ANSWER✔✔Secrete
(letting things so) wastes into urine to be excreted as urine.
List four examples of nitrogenous wastes. - ANSWER✔✔Creatine, ammonia,
urea, uric acid.
Identify the correct pathway of blood flow through the kidney. -
ANSWER✔✔Renal artery > Afferent arteriole > Glomerular capillaries > Efferent
arteriole > Peritubular capillaries > Renal vein.
,Identify the correct pathway of fluid flow through the nephron. -
ANSWER✔✔Glomerular capsule > PCT > Descending limb of the loop of Henle
> Ascending limb of the loop of Henle > DCT.
List 3 basic renal processes. - ANSWER✔✔Filtration (Glomerulus & Bowman's
Capsule)
Reabsorption (Substances move from tubules to peritubule capillaries)
Secretion (substances move from the peritubular capillaries).
Identify 3 structural modifications that enhance membrane permeability at the
glomerulus. - ANSWER✔✔Fenstrated endothelium, Permeable basement
membrane and Podocytes.
Fenestrated. - ANSWER✔✔Lots of holes in the lining.
Podocytes. - ANSWER✔✔Cells playing "footsie" with each other. (loosely
associated)
Identify 2 variables that affect GFR. - ANSWER✔✔Membrane permeability and
surface area.
Filtrate. - ANSWER✔✔The fluid that is pushed out of the glomerulus to the
Bowman's capsule is called filtrate.
, Compare the composition of filtrate to the composition of blood. -
ANSWER✔✔Composition of filtrate=blood plasma.
How does the changing of blood pressure and volume affect glomerular filtration
rate in a healthy individual? - ANSWER✔✔No change.
What would be the effects if GFR increases? (is too fast) -
ANSWER✔✔Reabsorption is decreased.
What would be the effects of decreased GFR? (is too slow) -
ANSWER✔✔Reabsorption is increased.
List 3 mechanisms for regulating GFR. - ANSWER✔✔Myogenic Constriction
Mechanism, Tubuloglomerular Feedback and Renin Angiotensin System.
What of the 3 regulation GFR mechanisms are "autoregulation"? -
ANSWER✔✔Myogenic Constriction Mechanism and Rubuloglomerular
Feedback.
Which of the 3 regulation GFR mechanisms consists of hormones that also
regulate the systemic blood pressure? - ANSWER✔✔Renin Angiotensin System.
How do the afferent arterioles respond to an increase in systemic blood pressure? -
ANSWER✔✔They constrict.
How do the afferent arterioles respond to decreased systemic blood flow? -
ANSWER✔✔They dilate.
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