PRN 1032 Final Exam Study Guide Questions
And Answers
Pressure ulcers ANS✔✔ Often occurs due to immobility and shearing can also play a role
Pressure ulcer risk factors ANS✔✔ Moisture, Malnutrition and Alter sensory perception
Interventions to prevent skin breakdown ANS✔✔ Skin kept dry and clean, Avoid friction and shear, Positioning of the
patient every 2 hours
Cellulitis ANS✔✔ Is a skin disorder caused by infection of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue, usually caused by
Staphylococcus.
Fungal infections ANS✔✔ Candidiasis is known to affect the mouth, esophagus and vagina, appearance is a yellow or
white patches in the mouth. It causes itching and white discharge from vagina
Squamous cell carcinoma ANS✔✔ Is caused by sunlight, affects the epidermis, and can become invasive and metastasize
to other areas of the body. Tumor that begins as a small nodule that rapidly becomes ulcerated.
Sheering ANS✔✔ Rubbing/friction, skin moving one way and the bone staying. Don't slide the patient, lift them instead
Burn injuries ANS✔✔ injuries to the skin caused by exposure to extreme heat, hot liquids, electrical agents, strong
chemicals, or radiation
Burn diet ANS✔✔ High calorie, high protein, and vitamins C and Zinc to assist in healing
Acne types ANS✔✔ Acne rosacea begins between age 30- 50 years; characterized by erythema(redness), papules,
pustules, and telangiectasias. Acne vulgaris begins early puberty; factors that contribute to it are hereditary disposition,
increased androgen levels, and premenstrual hormonal fluctuations
, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper
Acne diet ANS✔✔ Important to eat healthy-well balanced diet. May be caused by fatty/greasy foods
Types of inmmunity ANS✔✔ Active artificially acquired immunity occurs via immunization. E.g: Flu vaccinations
Passive natural immunity occurs transmission of mother to baby.
E.g: Mother to baby, Utero, Breast milk
First line of defense ANS✔✔ is intact skin against harmful environmental agents. Skin functions as a protective barrier
for the underlying tissues, helping maintain integrity. Sebaceous glands excrete sweat, lactic acid, and fatty acids to limit
microbial growth
Second line of defense ANS✔✔ is fever (slows the growth of pathogens), leukocytosis, phagocytosis, inflammation, and
the action of interferon (biologic response modifier that affects cellular growth).
Third line of defense ANS✔✔ the immune response of (WBCs) against pathogenic organisms. Microorganisms and other
substances that do not belong in the body, such as pollen, are recognized as foreign invaders and trigger an immune
response (the body's reaction to substances interpreted as nonself).
Passive natural inmmunity ANS✔✔ Transmission of mother to baby
Hand washing ANS✔✔ Perform before/after handling a patient. Switch gloves/wash hands in between tasks/before
leaving patients room. At least 15-30 seconds
Intervention to prevent respiratory complications ANS✔✔ Reposition every 2 hours
Turn, cough and breathe deeply every 1-2 hours
Yawn every hour
Use incentives spirometer
Auscultate lungs
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