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Core Foundation of Organic Chemistry, with accurate exam solutions for A+ grades
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  • Core Foundation Of Organic Chemistry

Organic Chemistry - ANSWER-The branch of chemistry which deals with carbon compounds, including those with no relationship to life. Covalent Bond - ANSWER-Inter-atomic relationship created by the sharing of at least one pair of electrons. Saturated Hydrocarbon - ANSWER-Contain only only carbo...

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  • October 19, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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Core Foundation of Organic Chemistry,
with accurate exam solutions for A+
grades
Organic Chemistry - ANSWER-The branch of chemistry which deals with carbon
compounds, including those with no relationship to life.



Covalent Bond - ANSWER-Inter-atomic relationship created by the sharing of at least
one pair of electrons.



Saturated Hydrocarbon - ANSWER-Contain only only carbon-to-carbon single bonds.
The most chemically inert of all organic compounds.



Unsaturated Hydrocarbon - ANSWER-Contain carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds.



Atomic Structure of Carbon - ANSWER-Atomic Number = 6, Protons = 6, Electrons = 6,
Atomic Weight = 12.0. Electrons in first energy level = 2; second energy level = 4.



Carbon - ANSWER-An element that has the capacity to share four electrons in order to
achieve a more stable configuration.



Bonding: Carbon to Hydrogen or Halogens - ANSWER-Shares one electron.



Bonding: Carbon to Oxygen or Sulfur - ANSWER-Shares up to two electrons.



Bonding: Carbon to Nitrogen - ANSWER-Shares up to three electrons



Halogens - ANSWER-Flourine (F), Chlorine (Cl), Bromine (Br), and Iodine (I).

, Hydrocarbon Molecule - ANSWER-Contains only carbon and hydrogen. Can be divided
into aliphatic and aromatic classes.



Substituted Hydrocarbon - ANSWER-One or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by
another atom or group of atoms called a Functional Group.



Aliphatic Hydrocarbon - ANSWER-A saturated hydrocarbon that contains only hydrogen
(the maximum number) and carbon. Does not contain benzene ring.



Aromatic Hydrocarbon - ANSWER-Contain at least one benzene ring or similar
structural features.



Benzene - ANSWER-Consists of a ring of six carbon atoms with alternating single and
double carbon-carbon bonds.



Alkanes - ANSWER-(CnH2n+2)



Cycloalkanes - ANSWER-(CnH2n)



Classification: Primary - ANSWER-(1°) Carbons that are covalently bonded to one other
carbon. They are at the end of a carbon chain and referred to as terminal carbons.



Classification: Secondary - ANSWER-(2°) Carbons that are covalently bonded to two
other carbons.



Classification: Tertiary - ANSWER-(3°) Carbons that are covalently bonded to three
other carbons.



Structural Formula - ANSWER-Shows the actual bonding of atoms to each other.



Condensed Formula - ANSWER-Shows all the atoms in a molecule and places them in
a sequential order.

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