Exam (elaborations)

CNSC Practice Questions and Correct Answers the Latest Update and Recommended Versionw

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In an intensive care setting, which of the following complications associated with malnutrition is most likely to occur as a result of the failure to begin nutrition support early in the treatment regimen? → Increased serum levels of protein-bound drugs Which of the following is the inpatie...

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CNSC Practice Questions and Correct
Answers the Latest Update and
Recommended Versionw
In an intensive care setting, which of the following complications associated with malnutrition is

most likely to occur as a result of the failure to begin nutrition support early in the treatment

regimen?

→ Increased serum levels of protein-bound drugs

Which of the following is the inpatient glycemic target for critically ill patients?

1: 80-110 mg/dL

2: 140-180 mg/dL

3: 181-210 mg/dL

4: 211-240 mg/dL

→ 2: 140-180 mg/dL
→
→ Targets <110mg/dL are not recommended

Under conditions of sepsis and stress, which of the following metabolic alterations are most

likely to occur?

1: Increased glucose production and increased glucose uptake

2: Increased glucose production and decreased glucose uptake

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,2 0 2 4 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain Excel!

3: Decreased glucose production and decreased glucose uptake

4: Decreased glucose production and increased glucose uptake

→ 2: Increased glucose production and decreased glucose uptake
→
→ Stress hormones induce insulin resistance and hyperglycemia is commonly observed
with nutrition support. It is recommended that glucose levels be adequately controlled
to avoid polyuria and electrolyte disturbances.

Which of the following immunomodulating nutrients may be harmful in patients with severe

sepsis?

1: Arginine

2: Selenium

3: Nucleic acids

4: Omega-3 fatty acids

→ 1: Arginine
→
→ Nitric oxide can be detrimental by leading to coagulation abnormalities and altered
hemodynamic status. In this case, arginine could be considered harmful. Because of
these effects, there is still much debate over the value of arginine in nutrition support
for critically ill patients.

Which of the following best describes enteral glutamine supplementation in the critically ill

patient not in multi organ failure?

1: Enteral glutamine decreases mortality

2: Enteral glutamine decreases ventilator days

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3: Enteral glutamine decreases hospital length of stay

4: Enteral glutamine decreases nosocomial infections

→ 4: Enteral glutamine decreases nosocomial infections

Which of the following are counter-regulatory hormones responsible for the hypercatabolism

observed in critically ill trauma patients?

1: Glycogen, insulin, norepinephrine

2: Glucagon, epinephrine, cortisol

3: Glycerol, serotonin, thymoglobulin

4: Glycerin, leptin, adenosine

→ 2: Glucagon, epinephrine, cortisol

In patients with burns, providing caloric support above energy expenditure has been found to

1: significantly decrease hospital length of stay.

2: improve wound healing and graft success.

3: decrease fat accumulation and steatosis.

4: have no effect on preservation of lean body mass.

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→ 4: have no effect on preservation of lean body mass.
→
→ Although patients with burns have increased needs, feeding in excess of energy
expenditure may cause hyperglycemia, hepatic steatosis, and prolonged ventilator
dependence. One study of critically ill burn patients showed that caloric delivery
beyond 1.2 x measured resting energy expenditure did not conserve lean body mass
but was associated with increased fat mass accumulation.

In pulmonary insufficiency, excessive calorie administration may cause increased blood pCO2

resulting in

1: metabolic acidosis.

2: metabolic alkalosis.

3: respiratory acidosis.

4: respiratory alkalosis.

→ 3: respiratory acidosis.

Which of the following is true of essential fatty acid deficiency (EFAD) in patients with cystic

fibrosis (CF)?

1: Routine supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids is essential in the management of CF

2: EFAD usually does not manifest in CF patients until the second decade.

3: CF patients without pancreatic insufficiency rarely develop EFAD

4: EFA profiles have been shown to improve in CF patients after lung transplantation

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