NUR 211 Test 2: HIV/AIDS review
Risk factors for HIV - ANS unprotected sex, multiple sex partners, dirty needles, "risky
behaviors"...
In what population is HIV increasing? - ANS 50 & 60 year olds
How is HIV transmitted? - ANS Contact with body fluids, blood, semen, vaginal secretions,
breast milk, sexual intercourse, exposure to blood-infected products, perinatal transmission
during pregnancy at time of delivery and breastfeeding, blood transfusion, drug users..
What are two ways HIV is NOT transmitted? - ANS feces or sweat!
What is vertical transmission? - ANS children can acquire HIV by a form of vertical transmission
(perinatal transmission) from their mothers either transplacentally or during delivery.
What are ways to significantly prevent risk for perinatal transmission? - ANS - when mothers
identified as infected receive Retrovir AZT during pregnancy,
- when deliveries are by C-Section,
- and when the babies are given drug therapy after birth.
Describe the Diagnostic Test for HIV: Rapid Diagnostic Test. - ANS - very accurate
- can give results in 20 min or less
- patient is able to get quick results and not have to go home and wait for results
Describe the Diagnostic Tests for HIV: ELISA & Western Blot test. - ANS ELISA: takes a while
for results to come back. It is testing for antibodies that the body has already produced.
Western Blot test: this test is done if the ELISA test is positive. This test also tests for
antibodies. If Western Blot comes back positive, the patient will be diagnosed with HIV.
CDC says that people with risky behaviors should be tested how often? - ANS once a year
In infants up to 18 months of age, what test do we use for HIV? - ANS HIV DNA Polymerase
Chain Reaction Test
What test do we use for children over 18 months of age? - ANS the same test we use for adults
What is the job of the nurse when taking care of HIV patients on HAART medications? - ANS
Making sure patients have quality of life.
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