Other
CRIM 249 EXAM 1- QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS-
- Course
- Institution
CRIM 249 EXAM 1- QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS-
[Show more]
Content preview
CRIM 249 EXAM 1- QUESTIONS AND ANSWERSlenses through which to view crime - Answers-normative ,legal, medical, psychological,
and sociological
Normative lense - Answers-the right or wrong of a situation, the valuation of moral
thoughts
legal lense - Answers-laws and rules of evidence, rules of statutory, proof beyond a
reasonable doubt or preponderance of evidence.
medical lense - Answers-addiction, treatment both psychological and physical
psychological lense - Answers-studies the psychological characteristics and traits of
each individual, cognitive thinking, more individual
sociological lense - Answers-most useful, crime is inherently sociological, group or
social learning from peers socially we make the laws.
descriptive theory - Answers-a theory that thoroughly describes a phenomenon, based
on rich observations of it.
- describing, concepts, and phenomenon
explanatory theory - Answers-a theory that has one or more causal hypotheses
suggesting that a particular independent variable causes a particular effect on the
dependent variable
- proposition set of relationship
concepts - Answers-definitions of ideas
- stigmas, labeling, and deterrence
propostion - Answers-a proposed explanation
Hypothesis - Answers-a testable theory making it more accurate
falsifiable - Answers-potential problems within the theory
micro - Answers-individuals typically in psychology
macro - Answers-institutional lenses of big population
meso - Answers-middle ground between individual and community- subculture
uses include potential reasoning of why crime occurs
limitations include forgetting about variables of diversity within a theory - Answers-the
uses and limitations of theoretical explanations at each level
, logical consistency - Answers-no circular reasoning, tautology, post-hoc reasoning
no circular reasoning - Answers-Do not claim a fallacy in which the argument repeats
the claim as a way to provide evidence.
ex: evolution adaptive- rape within the population of menis not falsifiable
tautology - Answers-unnecessary repetition: explaining a reason with its self
ex: antisocial people commit crime
post hoc reasoning - Answers-- When you observe something and explain why it exists
using a a narrative.
- it must be this way because...
the fallacy where we believe that because one event follows another, the first must have
been a cause of the second.
scope - Answers-A theory about one specific crime or crime in general
-just studying police use of force is a narrow -----.
- social learning theory is a large -----.
parsimony (Ocean's Razor) - Answers-- a simple theory of low complication
- ex: low self-controls allows for more crime
Testability - Answers-Ability of a hypothesis to be falsifiability, measurability and have
lack of confounding variables
measurability - Answers-elements such as murder rates, or homicide rates within a
hypothesis
lack of confounding variables - Answers-limiting the number of elements that you do no
measure
logical consistency, scope, parsimony, testability, and empirical validity - Answers-How
do we judge whether one explanation for crime is preferable to another?
Empirical Validity - Answers-describes how closely scores on a test correspond
(correlate) with behavior as measured in other contexts.
ex: phrenology and somatology theory: types of criminals that have different types of
body/head shapes
- wide scope, parsimony(head/body shape), testable, logical consistency, no empirical
validity (correlation)
1. be willing to be proven wrong
2. peer review your work vs. popular social science or view - Answers-What are two
things you must be willing to do when creating a theory reaserach
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller GEEKA. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
67479 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 15 years now