→ was developed as an accurate and reliable quantitative tool. The GCS is a
standardized, objective assessment that defines the level of consciousness by giving it
a numeric value.
→ The scale is divided into three areas: eye opening, verbal response, and motor
response. The three numbers are added; the total score reflects the functional level of
the brain. A fully alert, normal person has a score of 15, whereas a score of 7 or less
reflects coma.
Preventions of Osteoporosis (activity & nutrition)
→ including eating a well-balanced diet, engaging in regular exercise, avoiding smoking,
and limiting alcohol intake; but at the top of the list is getting enough calcium and
vitamin D. calcium women age 50 and younger need 1000 mg daily, and women age
51 and older need 1200 mg daily. Men age 70 and younger need 1000 mg daily,
increasing to 1200 mg for age 71 and older. The human body needs vitamin D to
absorb calcium. The amount that you need every day depends on your sex. According
to NOF, women and men under age 50 need 400 to 800 IU daily. For women and
men age 51 and older, the amount increases to 800 to 1000 IU daily.
Age related postural changes
→ older adult more flexion in the spine ..Decreased height is caused by shortening of the
vertebral caused by loss of water content and thinning of the intervertebral disks and
by a decrease in the height of individual vertebrae---------- kyphosis preschool From
the side lordosis is common throughout childhood, appearing more pronounced in
children with a protuberant abdomen.
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