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PEDIATRIC NURSING MIDTERM EXAM REVISION QUESTIONS. ALL CORRECT MIDTERM EXAM REVISION QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (GRADED A+) (100% GUARANTEE) (2024 UPDATE) $15.49
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PEDIATRIC NURSING MIDTERM EXAM REVISION QUESTIONS. ALL CORRECT MIDTERM EXAM REVISION QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (GRADED A+) (100% GUARANTEE) (2024 UPDATE)
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Immobilization causes a decreased metabolic rate with the slowing of all systems and decreased food intake, leads to hypercalcemia, and causes a negative nitrogen balance secondary to muscle atrophy. The production of stress hormones decreases, resulting in reduced physical and emotional coping ...

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  • October 20, 2024
  • 98
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • Nursing Pediatrics
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PEDIATRIC NURSING MIDTERM EXAM REVISION QUESTIONS. ALL

CORRECT MIDTERM EXAM REVISION QUESTIONS AND CORRECT

ANSWERS (GRADED A+) (100% GUARANTEE) (2024 UPDATE)

Immobilization causes a decreased metabolic rate with the slowing of all systems and decreased

food intake, leads to hypercalcemia, and causes a negative nitrogen balance secondary to muscle

atrophy. The production of stress hormones decreases, resulting in reduced physical and emotional

coping capacity.

What effect does immobilization have on the cardiovascular system?

a. Venous stasis

b. Increased vasopressor mechanism

c. Normal distribution of blood volume


d. Increased efficiency of orthostatic neurovascular reflexes - ANSWER- ANS: A


Because of the decreased muscle contraction, the physiological effects of immobilization include

venous stasis. This can lead to pulmonary emboli or thrombi. A decreased vasopressor mechanism

results in orthostatic hypotension, syncope, hypotension, decreased cerebral blood flow, and

tachycardia. The distribution of blood volume is altered, with decreased cardiac workload and

exercise tolerance. Immobilization causes a decreased efficiency in orthostatic neurovascular

reflexes, with an inability to adapt readily to the upright position and pooling of blood in the

extremities in the upright position.

What can result from the bone demineralization associated with immobility?

,a. Osteoporosis

b. Urinary retention

c. Pooling of blood


d. Susceptibility to infection - ANSWER- ANS: A


Bone demineralization leads to a negative calcium balance, osteoporosis, pathological fractures,

extraosseous bone formation, and renal calculi. Urinary retention is secondary to the effect of

immobilization on the urinary tract. The pooling of blood is a result of the cardiovascular effects

of immobilization. Susceptibility to infection can result from the effects of immobilization on the

respiratory and renal systems.

A young girl has just injured her ankle at school. In addition to calling the child's parents, what is

the school nurse's most appropriate, immediate action?

a. Apply ice.

b. Observe the ankle for edema and discoloration.

c. Encourage the child to assume a comfortable position.


d. Obtain parental permission for administration of acetaminophen or aspirin. - ANSWER-

ANS: A

Soft-tissue injuries should be iced immediately. In addition to ice, the extremity should be rested

and elevated and have compression applied. Observing for edema and discolouration, encouraging

the child to assume a comfortable position, and obtaining parental permission or administration of

acetaminophen or aspirin are not immediate priorities.

,What term is used to describe a fracture that does not produce a break in the skin?

a. Simple

b. Compound

c. Complicated


d. Comminuted - ANSWER- ANS: A


If a fracture does not produce a break in the skin, it is called a simple or closed fracture. A

compound or open fracture is one with an open wound through which the bone protrudes. A

complicated fracture is one in which the bone fragments damage other organs or tissues. A

comminuted fracture occurs when small fragments of bone are broken from the fractured shaft and

lie in the surrounding tissue; these are rare in children.

What is one advantage of using a fiberglass cast instead of a plaster one?

a. It is less expensive.

b. It dries rapidly.

c. It molds closely to body parts.


d. It has a smooth exterior. - ANSWER- ANS: B


A synthetic casting material dries within minutes compared to a plaster cast, which takes several

hours to dry. Synthetic casts are more expensive, not less. Plaster casts mould closer to body parts.

Synthetic casts have a rough exterior, which may scratch surfaces.

, The nurse is teaching the parents of a 7-year-old child who has just had a cast applied to a fractured

arm with the wrist and elbow immobilized. What instruction should the nurse include in the

discharge information?

a. Swelling of the fingers is to be expected for the next 48 hours.

b. Immobilize the shoulder to decrease pain in the arm.

c. Allow the affected limb to hang down for 1 hour each day.


d. Elevate the casted arm when resting and sitting up. - ANSWER- ANS: D


The injured extremity should be kept elevated while resting and in a sling when upright. This will

increase venous return. Swelling of the fingers may indicate neurovascular damage and should be

reported immediately, since permanent damage can occur within 6 to 8 hours. Joints above and

below the cast on the affected extremity should be moved. The child should not engage in strenuous

activity for the first few days. Rest with the extremity elevated is encouraged.

Why does a nurse use the palms of his hands when handling a wet cast?

a. To assess the dryness of the cast

b. To facilitate easy turning

c. To keep the patient's limb balanced


d. To avoid indenting the cast - ANSWER- ANS: D


Wet casts should be handled with the palms of the hands, not the fingers, to prevent the creation

of pressure points. Assessing dryness, facilitating easy turning, or keeping the patient's limb

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