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NUR 213 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) TEST 2 CH.2 | GUARANTEED A+ ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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NUR 213 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) TEST 2 CH.2 | GUARANTEED A+ ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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NUR 213 Test 2 Ch.21. Sepsis
Answer
-Life-threatening syndrome in response to an infection
-A group of symptoms or syndrome in response to an infection that can include organ dysfunction
related to the infection
-Infection fighting processes turn on the body, causing organs to work poorly
2. Sepsis Risk Factors
Answer
-Infants, children, older adults
-People who have serious injuries
-People who survived sepsis
-People with recent severe illness or hospitalization
-People with chronic medical condition-Diabetes
-Immunosuppressed patients- HIV, Chemotherapy Patients
3. Causes of Sepsis
Answer
•Gram-negative & Gram-positive bacteria
• Parasites
• Fungi
• Viruses
• The causative agent may not be identified
4. Sepsis S/S
Answer
-Increased HR/ weak pulse
-Confusion/ Disorientation
-Extreme pain/ Discomfort
-Fever/Shivering/ Cold
-Shortness of breath
-Clammy or sweaty skin
5. Sepsis assessments and monitoring
Answer
-Temperature/ Fever
-CBC/ WBC/ Neutrophils
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,-BP/HR/RR
-Skin assessment
-Mental Status
-Blood sugar
-Cultures and sensitivity
-Lung sounds
6. Sepsis Blood Cultures
Answer
-Blood Cultures
Answer
Identify probable microorganisms by characteristics
Answer
shape, growth patterns and gram-staining qualities
-Sensitivity Testing= After organism is cultured, it is subjected to sensitivity testing using
various antibiotics to determine which antibiotic is to be MOST EFFECTIVE, Usually takes 24-
48 hours to grow organism, SPECIMENS SHOULD BE OBTAINED BEFORE ANTIBIOTIC
THERAPY INITIATED
7. Meningitis
Answer
Inflammation of the protective membranes covering of the protective membranes covering the
brain and spinal cord
8. Bacterial Meningitis
Answer
Meningitis caused by bacteria can be deadly and requires immediate medical attention.
Vaccines are available to help protect against some
kinds
of bacterial meningitis.
9. Viral Meningitis
Answer
Meningitis caused by viruses is serious but often is less severe than bacterial meningitis. People
with normal immune systems who get viral menin- gitis usually get better on their own. There
are vaccines to prevent some kinds of viral meningitis.
10. Meningitis Causes
Answer
-Several types of bacteria can cause meningitis. Leading causes in
the United States include
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,Answer
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Group B Streptococcus
- Neisseria meningitidis
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Listeria monocytogenes
- E Coli.
11. Meningitis Risk Factors
Answer
-Age
Answer
babies
-Group Setting
-Certain Medical Conditions
-Working with meningitis causing pathogens
-Travel
12. How is meningitis spread?
Answer
-Group B Streptococcus and E. coli
Answer
Mothers can pass these bacteria to their babies during birth.
-H. influenzae, M. tuberculosis, and S. pneumoniae
Answer
People spread these bacteria by coughing or sneezing while in close contact with others, who
breathe in the bacteria.
-N. meningitidis
Answer
People spread these bacteria by sharing respiratory or throat secretions (saliva or spit). This
typically occurs during close (coughing or kissing) or lengthy (living together) contact.
-E. coli
Answer
People can get these bacteria by eating food prepared by people who did not wash their hands
well after using the toilet.
13. Brudzinski's sign
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, Answer
Flexion of the hips and knees in response to neck flexion
14. Kernig's sign
Answer
Resistance to extension of the leg while the hip is flexed
15. Meningitis CAT scan
Answer
-Done before a LP
-To rule out obstruction of foramen magnum to prevent a fluid shift resulting in herniation. Can
reveal increased ICP or hydrocephalus
16. Bacterial Meningitis LP- CSF
Answer
-Increased WBC
-Increased protein
-Decreased glucose
-Positive bacteria
-Cloudy to turbidity
17. Viral Meningitis LP-CSF
Answer
-Slightly increased WBC
-Normal protein
-Normal glucose
-Negative bacteria
-Clear
18. When teaching the staff about how the health care provider strives to work effectively within
the cultural context of a client, which cultural principle is the nurse leader explaining?
A. Cultural diversity
B. Cultural sensitivity
C. Cultural imposition
D. Cultural competence
Answer
D
19. Which results are the benefits of providing culturally competent care?
A. Increased client safety, Reduced health disparities, Increased client satis- faction
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