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IGGY CHAPTER 45 ASSESSMENT OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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IGGY CHAPTER 45 ASSESSMENT OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS...
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IGGY CHAPTER 45 ASSESSMENT OF THEGASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Which of the following GI findings in the older adult would the nurse
associate with ageing? Select all that apply.
A. Increased lipase levels
B. More frequent bowel movements
C. Elevated bacterial growth
D. Retention of drug products
E. Enhanced fat absorption
C, D
The normal growth of bacterial flora in older adult can become disrupted
over time, contributing to inflammatory processes and reduction of
immunity. Bacterial overgrowth occurs as a result of decreased
hydrochloric acid in the stomach (Choice C). Decreased liver function
and enzymatic changes result in the retention of drug products (Choice
D). Lipase levels are decreased as pancreatic inefficiency progresses
with age (Choice A). Bowel movements become more infrequent as the
stimulation to defecate is reduced (Choice B). A decrease in
gastrointestinal motility that occurs during the aging process can
contribute to slower absorption of fat (Choice E).
While performing an abdominal assessment on a client, the nurse notes
rigidity over the left upper quadrant. Which GI disorder would the nurse
anticipate?
A. Gastroenteritis
B. Peritoneal inflammation
C. Intestinal obstruction
D. Paralytic ileus
B
Abdominal rigidity is a potential finding of the nurse generalist during
light palpation. This finding may cause the nurse to anticipate peritoneal
inflammation (Choice B). During auscultation the nurse may hear
increased high-pitched bowel sounds, which may indicate gastroenteritis
(Choice A) or diarrhea. Loud gurgling sounds may be heard above an
, intestinal obstruction (Choice C). Paralytic ileus will be accompanied by
absent or diminished bowel sounds (Choice D).
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The nurse is caring for several clients who wish to use a home-based
screening test to identify possible colorectal cancer. Which of the
following clients would the nurse recommend receive a colonoscopy
instead? Select all that apply.
A. Client whose mother died from colon cancer 20 years ago
B. Client with a history of being treated for Clostridium difficile
C. Client undergoing current treatment for Crohn's disease
D. Client who chronically uses laxatives to relieve chronic constipation
E. Client with a positive fecal occult blood test in the past
A, C, E
: Clients at high risk for colon cancer should be taught that visual
examination of the colon is the best way to detect colorectal cancer
instead of using a home-based screening test. High risks for colon
cancer include a personal or family history of colorectal cancer (Choice
A), the presence of inflammatory bowel or Crohn's disease (Choice C),
and a positive screening test in the past (Choice E). A history of
treatment for Clostridium difficile (Choice B), chronic constipation, and
chronic use of laxatives (Choice D) are not known to increase the risk of
colorectal cancer.
Immediately following an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), which
of the following interventions would the nurse implement to promote
client safety? Select all that apply.
A. Remind the client to drive themselves safely home.
B. Do not allow any food or drink until the gag reflex returns.
C. Check vital signs hourly until sedation wears off.
D. Discontinue IV fluids upon completion of the procedure.
E. Ensure only one side rail is up throughout recovery.
B
After an EGD the nurse will keep the client NPO until the gag reflex
returns (Choice B). The nurse will ensure that the client has someone to
drive them home following the procedure; the client should not drive
themself, as they have just been under sedation (Choice A). Vital signs
should be checked every 15 to 30 minutes following the procedure until
sedation begins to wear off (Choice C). IV fluids should not be
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