BIO 181 Final NCSU
✅✅
Which of the following is the biological organization of hierarchical ordered
complexity of life that we will be covering in this course? - -Organism,
population, ecosystem, biosphere
The following scenario is likely to result in evolution: A pregnant woman
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spends too much time in the sun and suffers severe sunburn. The sunlight
causes genetic changes to the DNA in her skin. - -False. This is an
example of Lamarckian theory; it will not lead to changes in a population
because the changes that have occurred are not heritable/ will not inherited
by the offspring.
The following scenario is likely to result in evolution: Toxic levels of heavy
metals are dumped as waste from coal mines. Initially, no plants will grow
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on the waste dump; but eventually, some grasses begin to colonize the
dump sites and reproduce. - -True. This is likely to result in evolution
since heritable changes are occurring in the DNA of germ-line cells of the
population that is allowing the colonizing plants to be resistant to the metal
toxicity. Thus, it is likely that future offspring will inherit these traits as well.
✅✅
Darwin's work on the Galapagos Islands led him to derive all of the
following concepts, EXCEPT: - -Inheriting acquired characteristics
Northern elephant seals have reduced genetic variation most likely due to
being hunted. Hunting reduced their population size to as few as 20
individuals at the end of the 19th century. Since then, their population has
rebounded to over 30,000, but the genes still have much less variation than
✅✅
the genes in a population of Southern elephant seals that were never
hunted. This is an example of... - -Bottleneck Effect
Cladogenesis/branching evolution - ✅✅-Species splits into two
genetically-distinct populations adapted to different ecosystems and/or
survival strategies
Anagenesis/phyletic evolution - ✅✅
-When population of entire species
changes on genetic level without a split
Our ancestors had much bigger jaws than we do, which helped them chew
a tough diet, tear apart meat, etc. Their teeth also wore down quickly.
Wisdom teeth (third molars) grew later in life, and helped our ancestors
continue to eat. Today, ~35% of people are born without wisdom teeth. This
, ✅✅
traits than the surrounding non-Amish population. This is an example of... -
-Founder Effect
✅✅
In one to two sentences, describe one contribution that Alfred Russel
Wallace made to the theory of evolution. - -
✅✅
A population that is infinitely large and in which mating is completely
random is mostly likely to: - -not evolve
All of the following EXCEPT which one are mechanisms/modes/ forces of
evolution?
a. Natural selection
b. Mutation
c. Gene flow
✅✅
d. Genetic drift
e. Heterozygosity - -e. Heterozygosity
✅✅
Evolutionary changes within a species are most accurately referred to as: -
-Microevolution
✅✅
The only source of new genetic variation (material) is/are... -
-Mutations
Which of these would support a population remaining at genetic
equilibrium/ NOT evolving? (In other words, which of these would not cause
a population to evolve?)
a. Migration occurs
b. Natural selection occurs
c. New mutations arise
✅✅
d. Mating is random
e. There is genetic drift - -d. Mating is random
One way species evolve is by...
a. Leaving their day range
b. Being the same as their parents
✅✅
c. Diversification
d. Magic - -a. Leaving their day range
c. Diversification
DNA shows that there are three subspecies of African elephants: 1. the
West African species; 2. in Central, Eastern, and Southern Africa, the
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