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Microbiology 210 Exam 1 Lecture with complete solutions
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Microbiology 210 Exam 1 Lecture with complete solutions
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Microbiology 210 Exam 1 Lecture withj j j j j
complete solutions
j j j
What jis jmicrobiology? j- jANSWER✓✓-The jstudy jof jliving jthings jtoo jsmall jto jbe
jseen jwithout jmagnification
How jdo jmicroorganisms j(microscopic jorganisms) jexist? j- jANSWER✓✓-As
jsingle jcells jor jcell jclusters
What jdistinguishes jmicroorganisms jfrom janimals jand jplants? j- jANSWER✓✓-
They jare junable jto jlive jin jnature jand jcan jexist jONLY jas jparts jof jmulticellular
jorganisms.
How jhave jmicrobes jimpacted jEarth? j- jANSWER✓✓-1. jShaped jthe jdevelopment
jof jhabitats jand jthe jevolution jof jother jlife jforms
2. jUbiquitous j- jcan jbe jfound jnearly janywhere
3. jPlay jcentral jroles jin jprocesses jthat jessential jto jlife
What jtwo jprocesses jhelp jmicrobes jwith jthe jflow jof jenergy jand jfood jthrough
jEarth's jecosystems? j- jANSWER✓✓-1. jPhotosynthesis
j-- jAnoxygenic
j-- jOxygenic
** jPhotosynthetic jmicroorganisms jcontribute jthe jmajority jof jthe joxygen jin jthe
jatmosphere.
2. jDecomposition jand jnutrient jrecycling
How jdo jhumans juse jmicroorganisms? j- jANSWER✓✓-Examples: j
Baker's jand jbrewer's jyeast
Cheese jproduction
Moldy jbread jon jwounds
1. jBiotechnology j
j-- jMaking jproducts jin jan jindustrial jsetting
2. jGenetic jengineering
j-- jCreating jGMOs
3. jBioremediation
, j-- jIntroducing jmicrobes jinto jenvironment jto jrestore jstability jor jclean jup jtoxic
jpollutants
How jcan jmicrobes jbe jclassified? j- jANSWER✓✓-Bacteria jand jArchaea
j(prokaryotes)
Fungi
Protozoa
Algae
Other
-- jParasitic jworms j(helminths)
-- jViruses j(nonliving)
Compare jand jcontrast jthe jprokaryotic jand jeukaryotic jcells jof jmicroorganisms j-
jANSWER✓✓-Similarities: jCell jmembrane, jribosome, jcytoplasm
Differences: jEukaryote jhas jmore jorganelles jincluding ja jnucleus; jprokaryote
jhas jno jnucleus, ja jcell jwall, jand ja jnucleoid
What jis jthe jdifference jbetween jthe jcell jwalls jof jbacteria jand jarchaea? j-
jANSWER✓✓-Bacteria jcell jwalls jcontain jpeptidoglycan
Archaea jcell jwalls jare jcomposed jof jpolymers
What jis jso junique jabout jthe jliving jconditions jof jarchaea? j- jANSWER✓✓-They
jare jfound jin jextreme jenvironments jsuch jas jthe jcold jAntarctic jice, jthe jsalty
jDead jSea, jthe jdry jdeserts, jetc.
How jare jfungi j(single-celled jor jfilamentous) jecologically jimportant? j-
jANSWER✓✓-They jobtain jnutrients jby jbreaking jdown jorganic j(C j& jH2) jmatter
What jdo jthe jcell jwalls jof jfungi jNOT jpossess? j- jANSWER✓✓-Peptidoglycan
Molds j- jANSWER✓✓-Typically jmulticellular
Have jhyphae
Reproduce jby jsexual jand jasexual jspores
Yeasts j- jANSWER✓✓-Unicellular
Reproduce jasexually jby jbudding
Some jproduce jsexual jspores
How jare jprotozoa jand janimals jsimilar?
How jare jthey jdifferent? j- jANSWER✓✓-Similar jnutrient jneeds jand jcellular
jstructure j(no jcell jwall).
Most jprotozoa jreproduce jasexually
What jmakes jprotozoa junique? j- jANSWER✓✓-1. jSome jlive jfreely jin jwater jand
jothers jlive jin janimal jhosts
2. jThey jare jcapable jof jlocomotion
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