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Nur 316 GI Exam Questions And Answers
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Nur 316 GI Exam Questions And AnswersGI system
Is a -
what are the 4 layers of the Gi system?
Long continuous 4- layer tract from mouth to anus
Mucosa- innermost layer( produce bicarb- help neutralize and protect against acid that
is released)
Submucosa- connective tissue( glands, blood vessels, lymph nodes)
Musle - 3 layers
Serosa- outermost layer
What are associated organs with the Gi system?
Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas
Peritomeum- apre like membrane that covers your organ that flips over to cover the
abdominal wall
Mesentery (S/ L intestine- blood vessel and lymph vessel) & omentum (stomach down to
intestine- fat and lymph nodes in it
Visceral- against organ
Parital- covering abdominal wall
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Function of the GI-
Ingestion, digestion, absorption, elimination
Gi System anatomy
Mouth
Esophagus
Stomach
Intestines (S/L)
Rectum
Anus
Neural Stimulation
Autonomic -
Paraympathetic (rest and digest)=increased peristalisis
Sympathetic (fight or flight- blood shunted to heart) = decreased peristalisis
Enteric-( w/o necessary control of the brain or spinal cord )
Meissner ( submucosal) plexus - secretions
Auerback ( myenteric) plexus- GI motility
, Whats included in the upper GI
Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine
Which vessels supply circulation to the GI
The GI system receives __ 25-35% of cardiac output
Celiac artery--> stomach & duodenum
Superior Mesenteric artery ( SMA)- small intestine to mid- large intestine
Inferior Mesenteric artery (IMA) - distal large intestine to anus
Empties into portal vein (liver)
What is the function of the mouth and pharynx
Mouth: lips to speak, oral cavity to chew food, tongue to speak and taste, salivary glands
to lubricate food which release salivary amylase to begin digestion of food
Pharynx: naso, oro, and laryngeal, initiate swallowing reflex, same mucosal layer as the
nasal cavity, auditory tubes, mouth, and larynx
What is the function of the esophagus?
- hollow tube with striated skeletal muscle and smooth muscle to stretch and expand
while eating
- upper sphincter: prevent regurgitation into mouth
- Lower sphincter: prevent gastric acid from regurgitating from stomach back to
esophagus
- incompetent if sphincters dont work
Salivary glands- lubricate food with what glands, and what is the lubrication
Parotid, submaxillary, sublingual
Salivary amylase- breakdown food
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