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BMS 300 Exam 1 Review Questions and Answers 2025.
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BMS 300 Exam 1 Review Questions and Answers 2025.
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BMS 300 Exam 1 Review Questions and Answers 2025.Codons are on what type of RNA? What does they correspond to? - ANSWERmRNA
amino acids, start, or stop signals during translation
What is a codon? - ANSWERA three amino acid sequence, or triplet, on the mRNA
What is a reading frame? - ANSWERA way of organizing the sequence of nucleotides in
a nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) molecule into sets of consecutive, non-overlapping triplets.
What side are amino acids added to on the amino acid chain? - ANSWERC-terminus
What is a translocon? - ANSWERA protein located in the membrane of the ER
When do SRPs bind? - ANSWERWhen amino acids contain 14-17 consecutive,
hydrophobic amino acids
True or False: The TATA box is a sequence in DNA that provides a site for transcription
factors to bind to. - ANSWERTrue
True or False: The TATA box is also known as a promoter - ANSWERTrue
True or False: The TATA box is a sequence in RNA that signals that a protein should be
synthesized on the rough ER. - ANSWERFalse
True or False: The TATA box is a sequence in RNA that signals the formation of
ribosomal subunits. - ANSWERFalse
True or False: The TATA box is a sequence in DNA that provides a site for helicase to
unwind DNA. - ANSWERFalse
In eukaryotes, what happens after RNA is transcribed from DNA? - ANSWERThe RNA
is modified to cut out introns before being translated
What part is cut out before being translated? - ANSWERIntrons
When are introns cut out? - ANSWERBefore translation
Where does transcription occur in the cell? - ANSWERNucleus
,What does RNA polymerase bind to in order to add complimentary bases and form
phosphodiester bonds between adjacent ribose sugars? - ANSWERTranscription
factors
RNA polymerase binds to transcription factors in order to _________ and _________
between adjacent ribose sugars - ANSWER1. add complimentary bases
2. form phosphodiester bonds
The interaction between base pairs that holds the two strands of DNA together is a
____ bond - ANSWERHydrogen
Water molecules are attracted to each other and form ________ bonds. -
ANSWERHydrogen
Sodium (Na+) will be attracted to what portion of a water molecule? - ANSWEROxygen
A bond in which electrons are shared between atoms is a _______ bond. -
ANSWERCovalent
Which of the following is NOT true about hydrophilic molecules
a. The diffuse easily in water
b. They have equal sharing of electrons across all the atoms in the molecule
c. They interact with the dipole moment in water - ANSWERb. They have equal sharing
of electrons across all the atoms in the molecule
__________ pressure is the driving force of water through aquaporins -
ANSWEROsmotic
True or False: Hydrostatic pressure is the driving force of water through aquaporins -
ANSWERFalse; Osmotic
True or False: Triglycerides are composed of 1 long chain fatty acid and three glycerols
- ANSWERFalse; 3 fatty acids and one glycerol backbone
In triglycerides, a fatty acid is joined to glycerol by a ________ bond
a. Hydrogen
b. Ionic
c. Covalent - ANSWERc. Covalent
_______ is the diffusion of water molecules through a semipermeable membrane from a
place of higher water concentration to a place of lower water concentration until the
concentration on both sides is equal. - ANSWEROsmosis
The portion of an amino acid that differentiates one amino acid from another is the
_____.
, a. R-Group
b. C-Terminus
c. P-Group
d. N-Terminus - ANSWERa. R-Group
The most stable form of phospholipids found in nature are? - ANSWERLiposome
True or False: Micelles are the most stable form of phospholipids - ANSWERFalse;
Liposomes
Special _______ are used to provide hydrophilic pathways through a plasma bilayer.
a. Proteins
b. Phospholipids
c. Triglycerides - ANSWERa. Proteins
True or False: Special phospholipids are used to provide hydrophilic pathways through
a plasma bilayer. - ANSWERFalse; proteins
True or False: Special proteins are used to provide hydrophilic pathways through a
plasma bilayer. - ANSWERTrue
Where does hydrogen bonding occur in an alpha helix? - ANSWERHydrogen bonding
occurs within an amino acid strand
Where does hydrogen bonding occur in an beta pleated sheet? - ANSWERHydrogen
bonding takes place between amino acid strands
In an alpha-helix every ____ amino acid interact - ANSWER4th
True or False: R-groups interact with water to form the tertiary structure - ANSWERTrue
Which (alpha or beta) is more likely to be spanning membranes? - ANSWERAlpha
helices
What protein structure allows enzymes to bind its substrate? - ANSWERTertiary
The amino acids on the outside of a protein placed in water are hydrophobic or
hydrophilic? - ANSWERHydrophilic
What is a histone? - ANSWERA protein found in eukaryotic cell nuclei that package and
order the DNA into structural units called nucleosomes.
True or False: DNA leaves the nucleus. - ANSWERFalse
True or False: Prokaryotes organize their cellular machinery in membrane bound
organelles. - ANSWERFalse
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