PSY 219 Exam 2 Questions And Answers Latest Solutions
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Course
PSY 219
Institution
PSY 219
PSY 219 Exam 2 Questions And Answers Latest Solutions
Whose influence is the most important? ANS In most cultures, mothers tend to have more influence. However, fathers play an important role. Their involvement appears to be related to a child's well- being and social development
1st stage of ...
PSY 219 Exam 2 Questions And Answers Latest
Solutions
Whose influence is the most important? ANS In most cultures, mothers tend to have more
influence. However, fathers play an important role. Their involvement appears to be related to a
child's well- being and social development
1st stage of development- Erik Erison ANS trust versus mistrust (0-18 months) infants developed
a sense of trust based on response of caregivers. if learn to trust- develop hope and openness. if learn
to mistrust- difficulty with relationships view world with caution
key to facilitating trust ANS sensitivity, responsiveness and consistency
attachment ANS reciprocal emotional connection between a child and a caregiver. serves an
adaptive value- psychosocial and physical needs met
assessment of attachment ANS Ainsworth's stranger situation. assesses attachment between
infant and caregiver
biological differences ANS when interacting with their infants mothers and fathers release
different hormones
mothers release ANS oxytocin- linked with empathy and the desire for physical closeness
fathers release ANS vasopresin- linked to arousal, aggression, and physical activiity
parenting: John Bowlby ANS is one of the major proponents of attachment theory. His work was
influenced by Darwin's theory of evolution and by psychoanalytic theory
attachment is an innate human survival mechanism ANS it helps the infant maintain proximity
(closeness) to its caretaker. it provides the young child with a secure base from which to explore the
world. it helps the child regulate his/her emotions.
, Secure attachment ANS feel safe and likely to explore. outgoing with stranger when caregiver is
present. usually forms by 6th month
long term effects ANS less stress adapting to day care. positive interactions with peers. positive
self-image
insecure/ ambivalent ANS unlikely to explore. wary of strangers. uncertain about caregiver.
insecure/ avoidant ANS detached from caregiver. little distress when separated. avoid contact
upon return
insecure/ disorganized ANS drawn to, but fearful of caregiver. apprehensive
gross motor skills ANS larger movements involving large muscles in arms, legs, torso, and feet.
ex: rolling, walking, climbing, running, skipping.
fine motor skills ANS small movements involving small muscles in fingers, toes, wrists, lips and
tongue. ex: picking up small objects, uses scissors, kicks ball, grasps crayons/pencils
Piagets 2nd stage of cognitive development: pre opertaional ages 2-7. symbolic function ANS
mental images now have attached meaning and no longer need sensory cue
pretend play ANS involves imaginary people, situations, animals,etc...
other pre operational characteristics ANS centration- tendency to focus only on one aspect of a
situation. preschoolers find it difficult to decenter- think about several aspects of a situation at one
time
egocentrism ANS inability to consider another's point of view and may be do to lack of
experience
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