Other
CNIT 176 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
- Course
- Institution
CNIT 176 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
[Show more]
Content preview
CNIT 176FINAL EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Abstract data type - Answers-A data type whose properties (data and operations) are
specified independently of any particular implementation
LIFO - Answers-last in first out
Composite data type - Answers-A data type in which a name is given to a collection of
data values
List - Answers-"container of items", logical operations that can be applied are: Add item,
Remove item, Get next item, or More items
Container - Answers-Object's whole role is to hold and manipulate other objects
Stack - Answers-An abstract data type in which accesses are made at only one end
(LIFO)
Data structure - Answers-Implementation of composite data fields in an abstract data
type
Push - Answers-insert on a stack
Array- based - Answers-Objects in the container are kept in an array
Pop - Answers-delete on a stack
Linked-based - Answers-Objects in the container are not kept physically together, but
each items tells you where to go to get the next one in the structure
,Queue - Answers-An abstract data type in which items are entered at one end and
removed from the other end (FIFO)
FIFO - Answers-first in first out
Multiprogramming - Answers-the technique of keeping multiple programs in main
memory at the same time
Frame - Answers-a fixed size portion of main memory that holds a process page
Batch processing - Answers-The first operating system was a human operator who
organized various jobs from multiple users into batches of jobs that needed the same
resources
Page - Answers-a fixed size portion of a process that is stored into a memory frame
Time sharing - Answers-allows multiple users to interact with a computer at the same
time
Swap - Answers-the act of bringing in a page from secondary memory, which often
causes another page to be written back to secondary memory
Round robin - Answers-each process runs for a specified time slice and moves from the
running state to the ready state to wait its turn if not finished
Dynamic partitions - Answers-partitions are created as needed to fit the programs
waiting to be loaded
Non preemptive - Answers-the currently executing process gives up the CPU voluntarily
Preemptive - Answers-the operating system decides to favor another process
Turnaround time - Answers-the amount of time between when a process arrives in the
ready state the first time and when it exits the running state for the last time
Bounds register - Answers-a register that holds the length of the current partition
Quantum - Answers-The amount of time each process receives before being preempted
and returned to the ready state to allow another process its turn, also called Time Slice
First fit - Answers-allocate program to the first partition big enough to hold it
Best fit - Answers-allocate program to the smallest partition big enough to hold it
Worst fit - Answers-allocate program to the biggest partition able to hold it
, BIOS - Answers-Where hardware meets software, and where all the boot magic begins;
BIOS code is baked into the motherboard of your pc, usually stored on what is called an
EEPROM and is considerably hardware specific.
Partition table - Answers-an index of up to four partitions that exist on the same disk, a
table of contents
Thrashing - Answers-inefficient processing caused by constant page swaps
Single Contiguous Memory Management - Answers-only 2 programs in memory-
operating system and application program
Process control block - Answers-a data structure used by the operating system to
manage information about a process
Fixed partitions - Answers-memory is divided into fixed number of partitions in which
programs can be loaded
Context switch - Answers-the exchange of register information
First come, first serve - Answers-processes are moved to the CPU in the order they
arrive in the running state
Shortest job next - Answers-process with the shortest estimated running time in the
ready state is moved into the running state first
MBR - Answers-Master Boot Record: Located at the first sector of a hard disk, the MBR
identifies how and where the OS is located so that it can be loaded into main RAM.
JMP Instruction - Answers-assembly equivalent of a goto command
Active partition - Answers-Partition on a hard drive where the OS boots off of, also
called a bootable partition
Boot menu - Answers-When a computer is booting up the bios will allow the user to
access the boot menu if a certain key is pressed (normally F2, F12 or esc.) From the
boot menu the user can select a bootable device to load.
Bootloader - Answers-A program that loads an operating system when a computer is
turned on. The bootsector loads and runs the bootloader from its filesystem. When the
bootloader is finally executed, it loads its configuration/database from files on the same
partition.
OS Kernel - Answers-Communicates with and controls the hardware
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Greaterheights. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
79223 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now