COGSCI 115 FINAL EXAM
QUIZ WITH ALL
ANSWERS RATED A+…
HIGRADES
goals band bfocuses bof bCBT b- b bcorrect banswer-- bfocus: bchanging bmaladaptive
bthinking
- bgoals: bminimize bnegative band bself-defeating bthoughts, bcultivate bpositive band
bgoal-consistent bthoughts
cognitive breappraisal bof bemotion b- b bcorrect banswer-- bidentify band bchange bthe
bway bsituations, bemotions, betc bare bviewed bin border bto bchange btheir baffective
bimpact
- bincreases bpositive bemotions, bdecreases bnegative bemotions
- bvery bvery bcommon bin bpsychotherapy
reappraisal brecruits b_________ bregions b- b bcorrect banswer-prefrontal bcortex
b(including bdmPFC, bdlPFC, bvlPFC: bexecutive bfunctions, bcognitive belaboration),
blateral btemporal bcortex b(semantic band bperceptual brepresentation), bposterior
,bparietal bcortex b(sustained battention), bmodulated bemotional bresponding bin bthe
bamygdala
suggested bway bcognitive breappraisal bworks b- b bcorrect banswer-changing bthe
bmeaning bwe bgive bto ba bstimulus b--> breduces bamygdala bactivity b--> bpotentially
bstressful bstimuli bless bstressful
emotion bregulation bis bmodulated bby binterconnections bof bwhich bareas? bmany bof
bthese bconnections bplay ba brole bin bcognitive breappraisal b- b bcorrect banswer--
borbitrofrontal bcortex b(OFC): bevaluation bof bemotional bsalience, bselection bof
bbehaviors
- banterior bcingulate bcortex b(ACC): bemotional bstate binterpretation, bmotivated
bbehavior
- banterior binsular bcortex b(AIC): bconscious bappraisal bof bbodily bstates bto btrigger
bemotion bregulation bprocesses
- bAMYGDALA
EEG bstudies babout bcognitive breappraisal bfound: b- b bcorrect banswer-- breduction
bin bmagnitude bof blate bpositive bpotential b(LPP) bwas bfound bin bresponse bto
bnegative bstimuli
caveats bto bcognitive breappraisal b- b bcorrect banswer-- bmay bbe bmaladaptive bwhen
bstressors bare bcontrollable b(patients bwith bcontrollable bstress b--> bhigher bcognitive
breappraisal bability bwas bassociated bwith bgreater blevels bof bdepression)
- bmay bbe badaptive bwhen bstressors bare buncontrollable b(patients bwith
buncontrollable bstress b--> bhigher bcognitive breappraisal bability bwas bassociated
bwith blower blevels bof bdepression)
what bis bnegative breappraisal? bwhat bis bpositive breappraisal? b- b bcorrect banswer--
bnegative: bdecreasing bnegative bcondition, b"this bsituation bis bnot bas bbad bas bit
bfirst bseemed"
- bpositive: bincreasing bpositive bcondition, b"they bwill bbe bgrateful bthat bthey bhad
bthis bexperience"
fMRI bresults bof bpositive bvs bnegative breappraisal b- b bcorrect banswer-- bboth
bshortened bduration bof bresponses bin bthe bamygdala, binsula, band bsuperior
btemporal bgyrus band blengthened bresponses bin bPFC bregions
- bonly bnegative bdecreased bintensity bof bamygdala bactivation
- bintensity bof bactivity bin bmedial bPFC b(cog. bcontrol bof bemotion) bonly bincreased
bin bpositive
overall btakeaways bof bpositive bvs bnegative breappraisal b- b bcorrect banswer--
bpositive bmay binvolve bmore bengagement bwith bthe bemotional bstimulus b/ bpositive
bmay brequire bmore bactive bcognitive beffort
traditional bCBT buses byour b_____ bto bhelp bguide byour b________ b- b bcorrect
banswer-thoughts, bemotions
newer bvariants bof bCBT buses byour b______ bto bhelp bguide byour b______ b- b
bcorrect banswer-emotions, bthoughts
,_______ breappraisal bled bto bgreater bincreases bin bpositive baffect band bsmaller
bdecreases bin bskin bconductance bthan b______ bappraisal b- b bcorrect banswer-
positive, bnegative
study babout btechnique bof bsuppressing bemotions brevealed: b- b bcorrect banswer--
bexperience band bexpress bless bpositive bemotion band bgreater bnegative bemotion
- bhave bworse binterpersonal bfunctioning
- breport blower boverall blevels bof bwell-being
future bgain breappraisal btactic b- b bcorrect banswer-- bone bbig bfactor bin bdetermining
bwhether byou bsee ba bsituation bas bstressful bor bas ba bchallenge bis byour bbeliefs
babout bthe beventual boutcome
- bepitomizes bwhat boptimism bis ball babout
breast bcancer bsurvivor bstudy b(future bgain breappraisal btactic) b- b bcorrect banswer-
key bfactor bthat bdistinguished bsurvivors bwas bthe bview bthat btheir blives bhad bbeen
baltered bfor bthe bbetter bafter bdeveloping bthe bdisease b(2/3 bof bsurvivors breported
bthis)
study bon bpreschoolers bfirst bday bof bschool b- b bcorrect banswer-- boutgoing, bsocially
bcompetent, bwell bliked: bshowed bhigh bactivity bin bstress bhormones bon bfirst bday bof
bschool, bdecreased bas byear bwent bon
- bunhappy, bsocially bisolated: blow bstress bhormone blevels bon bfirst bday, bincreased
bthroughout byear
people bhave bmore bpeak bexperiences bduring b(work bor bleisure btime)? bwhat bdoes
bthat bsuggest? b- b bcorrect banswer-- bwork! bbut bthey bwill bsay bthat bthey bprefer
bleisure btime
- bsuggests bour bassociation bof beffort bwith bpain band bleisure bwith bpleasure bis bso
bdeeply brooted bthat bit bdistorts bour bperception bof bthe bactual bexperience
- bseverely blimits bour bpotential bfor bhappiness bif bwe bcannot brecognize bour
bpositive bexperiences
what bis bdefensive bpessimism? bdoes bit bwork? bin bwhat bsettings? b- b bcorrect
banswer-- bsome bpeople buse bfear bof bfailure bto bmotivate bthemselves
- bcan bwork bin bshort brun, bbut bin blong brun bis ba brecipe bfor bburnout, blow bself
besteem, band bunhappiness
research bshowed bthat beffectiveness bof breappraisal
b___________(increased/decreased) bwith bage. bactivity bin bthe b__________ balso
b___________ b(increased/decreased) bwith bage. b- b bcorrect banswer-increased;
bprefrontal; bincreased
older bindividuals bshowed bgreater bdrops bin b________(positive/negative) baffect
band bgreater bdecreases bin b________-________(parts bof bbrain) bconnectivity bafter
breappraisal b- b bcorrect banswer-negative, brostrolateral bprefrontal-amygdala
behavioral bactivation b- b bcorrect banswer-one bof bthe bmost beffective band bwidely-
used btreatments bfor bemotion bdysregulation
, behavioral bactivation bprocess bfor bdepression b- b bcorrect banswer-- bclients bare
basked bto brate bthe bdegree bof bpleasure/accomplishment bthey bfeel bduring bspecific
bactivities
- basked bto bestablish/maintain bregular broutines bthat bencompass bactivities bthat
bhave bhigh bscores
- boften bones bthat bprovide bpleasant bexperiences, bsocial bsupport, bor bexperiences
bof bmastery
Schwartz bCBT btechnique btreatment bfor bOCD b- b bcorrect banswer-- bpaying
battention bto bthe bfacts bof ba bperception bwithout breacting bto bthem
- blearning bto bexperience ban bOCD bsymptom bwithout breacting bemotionally
4 bRs bof bOCD bCBT bTreatment b- b bcorrect banswer-- brelabel: bidentify bwhat's breal
band brefuse bto bbe bmisled bby bobsessive bthoughts
- breattribute: bunderstand bthat bthose bthoughts/urges bare bjust bfalse bmessages
bbeing bsent bfrom byour bbrain
- brefocus: bturns byour battention bto bmore bconstructive bbehavior
- brevalue: bsee bthese bthoughts bas bthe buseless bgarbage bthat bthey bare
OCD bneural bexplanation b- b bcorrect banswer-- bhyperactivity bin bthe borbitofrontal
bregion b(serves bto bidentify bwhen bsomething bis bamiss)
- bcaudate bnucleus b(execution bof bmotor bbehavior bwith binputs bfrom bthe
borbitofrontal band bamygdala)
- btogether bform bthe b"worry bcircuit"
- bOCD bis bbuzzing bwith bactivity
degree bof bimprovement bof bOCD bsymptoms bcorrelated bwith bincrease bin
b____________ bactivity b- b bcorrect banswer-right bdorsal banterior bcingulate bcortex
CBT bfor bmajor bdepressive bdisorder b- b bcorrect banswer-- bpatients blearn bto
brecognize btheir bhabits, bregard bthese bthoughts bas bsimply belectrical bevents bin
bthe bbrain, band bfeel bthe bsadness/disappointment bwithout ballowing bthese
bthoughts bto belaborate
CBT bneural bresults bfor bMDD b- b bcorrect banswer-- bdecreased bactivation bin bthe
bdorsal, bventral, band bmedial bfrontal bcortex
- bincreased bactivation bin bhippocampus band bdorsal bcingulate
SSRI bneural bresults bfor bMDD b- b bcorrect banswer-- bincreased bactivation bin
bprefrontal
- bdecreased bactivation bin bhippocampus band bsubgenual bcingulate
comparison bof btherapy band bSSRI bresults bfor bMDD b- b bcorrect banswer-- bboth
bhave bnet bchange bin bcritical bprefrontal-hippocampal bpathways, bbut bthe bchanges
bwere bin bopposite bdirections
- bchange bin bthe bsystem brather bthan ba bparticular bspecific bchange bis bmost
bcritical bfor bdisease bremission
QUIZ WITH ALL
ANSWERS RATED A+…
HIGRADES
goals band bfocuses bof bCBT b- b bcorrect banswer-- bfocus: bchanging bmaladaptive
bthinking
- bgoals: bminimize bnegative band bself-defeating bthoughts, bcultivate bpositive band
bgoal-consistent bthoughts
cognitive breappraisal bof bemotion b- b bcorrect banswer-- bidentify band bchange bthe
bway bsituations, bemotions, betc bare bviewed bin border bto bchange btheir baffective
bimpact
- bincreases bpositive bemotions, bdecreases bnegative bemotions
- bvery bvery bcommon bin bpsychotherapy
reappraisal brecruits b_________ bregions b- b bcorrect banswer-prefrontal bcortex
b(including bdmPFC, bdlPFC, bvlPFC: bexecutive bfunctions, bcognitive belaboration),
blateral btemporal bcortex b(semantic band bperceptual brepresentation), bposterior
,bparietal bcortex b(sustained battention), bmodulated bemotional bresponding bin bthe
bamygdala
suggested bway bcognitive breappraisal bworks b- b bcorrect banswer-changing bthe
bmeaning bwe bgive bto ba bstimulus b--> breduces bamygdala bactivity b--> bpotentially
bstressful bstimuli bless bstressful
emotion bregulation bis bmodulated bby binterconnections bof bwhich bareas? bmany bof
bthese bconnections bplay ba brole bin bcognitive breappraisal b- b bcorrect banswer--
borbitrofrontal bcortex b(OFC): bevaluation bof bemotional bsalience, bselection bof
bbehaviors
- banterior bcingulate bcortex b(ACC): bemotional bstate binterpretation, bmotivated
bbehavior
- banterior binsular bcortex b(AIC): bconscious bappraisal bof bbodily bstates bto btrigger
bemotion bregulation bprocesses
- bAMYGDALA
EEG bstudies babout bcognitive breappraisal bfound: b- b bcorrect banswer-- breduction
bin bmagnitude bof blate bpositive bpotential b(LPP) bwas bfound bin bresponse bto
bnegative bstimuli
caveats bto bcognitive breappraisal b- b bcorrect banswer-- bmay bbe bmaladaptive bwhen
bstressors bare bcontrollable b(patients bwith bcontrollable bstress b--> bhigher bcognitive
breappraisal bability bwas bassociated bwith bgreater blevels bof bdepression)
- bmay bbe badaptive bwhen bstressors bare buncontrollable b(patients bwith
buncontrollable bstress b--> bhigher bcognitive breappraisal bability bwas bassociated
bwith blower blevels bof bdepression)
what bis bnegative breappraisal? bwhat bis bpositive breappraisal? b- b bcorrect banswer--
bnegative: bdecreasing bnegative bcondition, b"this bsituation bis bnot bas bbad bas bit
bfirst bseemed"
- bpositive: bincreasing bpositive bcondition, b"they bwill bbe bgrateful bthat bthey bhad
bthis bexperience"
fMRI bresults bof bpositive bvs bnegative breappraisal b- b bcorrect banswer-- bboth
bshortened bduration bof bresponses bin bthe bamygdala, binsula, band bsuperior
btemporal bgyrus band blengthened bresponses bin bPFC bregions
- bonly bnegative bdecreased bintensity bof bamygdala bactivation
- bintensity bof bactivity bin bmedial bPFC b(cog. bcontrol bof bemotion) bonly bincreased
bin bpositive
overall btakeaways bof bpositive bvs bnegative breappraisal b- b bcorrect banswer--
bpositive bmay binvolve bmore bengagement bwith bthe bemotional bstimulus b/ bpositive
bmay brequire bmore bactive bcognitive beffort
traditional bCBT buses byour b_____ bto bhelp bguide byour b________ b- b bcorrect
banswer-thoughts, bemotions
newer bvariants bof bCBT buses byour b______ bto bhelp bguide byour b______ b- b
bcorrect banswer-emotions, bthoughts
,_______ breappraisal bled bto bgreater bincreases bin bpositive baffect band bsmaller
bdecreases bin bskin bconductance bthan b______ bappraisal b- b bcorrect banswer-
positive, bnegative
study babout btechnique bof bsuppressing bemotions brevealed: b- b bcorrect banswer--
bexperience band bexpress bless bpositive bemotion band bgreater bnegative bemotion
- bhave bworse binterpersonal bfunctioning
- breport blower boverall blevels bof bwell-being
future bgain breappraisal btactic b- b bcorrect banswer-- bone bbig bfactor bin bdetermining
bwhether byou bsee ba bsituation bas bstressful bor bas ba bchallenge bis byour bbeliefs
babout bthe beventual boutcome
- bepitomizes bwhat boptimism bis ball babout
breast bcancer bsurvivor bstudy b(future bgain breappraisal btactic) b- b bcorrect banswer-
key bfactor bthat bdistinguished bsurvivors bwas bthe bview bthat btheir blives bhad bbeen
baltered bfor bthe bbetter bafter bdeveloping bthe bdisease b(2/3 bof bsurvivors breported
bthis)
study bon bpreschoolers bfirst bday bof bschool b- b bcorrect banswer-- boutgoing, bsocially
bcompetent, bwell bliked: bshowed bhigh bactivity bin bstress bhormones bon bfirst bday bof
bschool, bdecreased bas byear bwent bon
- bunhappy, bsocially bisolated: blow bstress bhormone blevels bon bfirst bday, bincreased
bthroughout byear
people bhave bmore bpeak bexperiences bduring b(work bor bleisure btime)? bwhat bdoes
bthat bsuggest? b- b bcorrect banswer-- bwork! bbut bthey bwill bsay bthat bthey bprefer
bleisure btime
- bsuggests bour bassociation bof beffort bwith bpain band bleisure bwith bpleasure bis bso
bdeeply brooted bthat bit bdistorts bour bperception bof bthe bactual bexperience
- bseverely blimits bour bpotential bfor bhappiness bif bwe bcannot brecognize bour
bpositive bexperiences
what bis bdefensive bpessimism? bdoes bit bwork? bin bwhat bsettings? b- b bcorrect
banswer-- bsome bpeople buse bfear bof bfailure bto bmotivate bthemselves
- bcan bwork bin bshort brun, bbut bin blong brun bis ba brecipe bfor bburnout, blow bself
besteem, band bunhappiness
research bshowed bthat beffectiveness bof breappraisal
b___________(increased/decreased) bwith bage. bactivity bin bthe b__________ balso
b___________ b(increased/decreased) bwith bage. b- b bcorrect banswer-increased;
bprefrontal; bincreased
older bindividuals bshowed bgreater bdrops bin b________(positive/negative) baffect
band bgreater bdecreases bin b________-________(parts bof bbrain) bconnectivity bafter
breappraisal b- b bcorrect banswer-negative, brostrolateral bprefrontal-amygdala
behavioral bactivation b- b bcorrect banswer-one bof bthe bmost beffective band bwidely-
used btreatments bfor bemotion bdysregulation
, behavioral bactivation bprocess bfor bdepression b- b bcorrect banswer-- bclients bare
basked bto brate bthe bdegree bof bpleasure/accomplishment bthey bfeel bduring bspecific
bactivities
- basked bto bestablish/maintain bregular broutines bthat bencompass bactivities bthat
bhave bhigh bscores
- boften bones bthat bprovide bpleasant bexperiences, bsocial bsupport, bor bexperiences
bof bmastery
Schwartz bCBT btechnique btreatment bfor bOCD b- b bcorrect banswer-- bpaying
battention bto bthe bfacts bof ba bperception bwithout breacting bto bthem
- blearning bto bexperience ban bOCD bsymptom bwithout breacting bemotionally
4 bRs bof bOCD bCBT bTreatment b- b bcorrect banswer-- brelabel: bidentify bwhat's breal
band brefuse bto bbe bmisled bby bobsessive bthoughts
- breattribute: bunderstand bthat bthose bthoughts/urges bare bjust bfalse bmessages
bbeing bsent bfrom byour bbrain
- brefocus: bturns byour battention bto bmore bconstructive bbehavior
- brevalue: bsee bthese bthoughts bas bthe buseless bgarbage bthat bthey bare
OCD bneural bexplanation b- b bcorrect banswer-- bhyperactivity bin bthe borbitofrontal
bregion b(serves bto bidentify bwhen bsomething bis bamiss)
- bcaudate bnucleus b(execution bof bmotor bbehavior bwith binputs bfrom bthe
borbitofrontal band bamygdala)
- btogether bform bthe b"worry bcircuit"
- bOCD bis bbuzzing bwith bactivity
degree bof bimprovement bof bOCD bsymptoms bcorrelated bwith bincrease bin
b____________ bactivity b- b bcorrect banswer-right bdorsal banterior bcingulate bcortex
CBT bfor bmajor bdepressive bdisorder b- b bcorrect banswer-- bpatients blearn bto
brecognize btheir bhabits, bregard bthese bthoughts bas bsimply belectrical bevents bin
bthe bbrain, band bfeel bthe bsadness/disappointment bwithout ballowing bthese
bthoughts bto belaborate
CBT bneural bresults bfor bMDD b- b bcorrect banswer-- bdecreased bactivation bin bthe
bdorsal, bventral, band bmedial bfrontal bcortex
- bincreased bactivation bin bhippocampus band bdorsal bcingulate
SSRI bneural bresults bfor bMDD b- b bcorrect banswer-- bincreased bactivation bin
bprefrontal
- bdecreased bactivation bin bhippocampus band bsubgenual bcingulate
comparison bof btherapy band bSSRI bresults bfor bMDD b- b bcorrect banswer-- bboth
bhave bnet bchange bin bcritical bprefrontal-hippocampal bpathways, bbut bthe bchanges
bwere bin bopposite bdirections
- bchange bin bthe bsystem brather bthan ba bparticular bspecific bchange bis bmost
bcritical bfor bdisease bremission
