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Biology 189 Exam 1 Study Guide questions with correct answers
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Biology 189 Exam 1 Study Guidequestions with correct answers
What is the definition of biology? - correct answer -Biology is the scientific study of life that covers a
wide scale of size and variety of life both in the past and present
What are the properties of life? - correct answer -Order
Regulation
Growth and Development
Energy Processing
Response to the Environment
What is the smallest unit of life? - correct answer -A cell
What are the differences between eukaryotes and prokaryotes? - correct answer -Prokaryotic cells are
more simple, usually smaller, and a characteristic of bacteria
Eukaryotes are subdivided by internal membranes into functional compartments called organelles.
These type of cells are found in plants,animals,fungi,protists.
What is the difference between a prokaryote and a protist? - correct answer -Prokaryotes (bacteria)
have a simpler structure, usually smaller, and lacks most organelles.
Protists are eukaryotes that do not fit in any of the three kingdoms.
What are the differences between an atom and a compound? - correct answer -Atoms are the most
fundamental unit of an element that still displays characteristic chemical properties.
Compounds are two or more atoms of different elements.
, What makes an element an element? - correct answer -An element is a substance that cannot be broken
down into any other substances by a chemical reaction. Example: When you burn ash you still get ash
(Pure element)
Understand the importance of carbon as the element of life. How many bods does carbon make? -
correct answer -Carbon produces 4 bonds. Carbon uses its bonds to attach to other carbons and form
many carbon skeletons that vary in size and branching pattern.
Why is water (H2O) important in biological systems? - correct answer -Water facilitates chemical
reactions. Water molecules stick together through cohesion and also able to stick due to adhesion (Ex.
watering trees). Water moderates temperature (Ex. global warming)
What is the difference between hydrolysis (water as a reactant) and dehydration (water as a product)
reactions? - correct answer -Hydrolysis breaks bonds between monomers, adds a molecule of water,
and reverses the dehydration reaction.
Dehydration reactions links 2 monomers together and removes a molecule of water.
What are the differences between the macromolecules of life(carbs, proteins,fats) - correct answer -
Carbs include sugars and polymers of sugar (ex. small sugar molecules in your energy drink and long
starch molecules in your spaghetti/french fries)
Proteins are polymers constructed from amino acid monomers. Proteins account for more then 50% of
the dry weight in most cells. Proteins perform most of the tasks required for life. They form enzymes
(chemicals that change the rate of a chemical reaction without being changed in the process).
Fats perform essential functions on the human body. They serve as energy storage, cushioning, and
insulation.
How does the macromolecule carbohydrates differ from animals to plants? - correct answer -In animals,
carbs serve as a primary source of dietary energy. It is a raw material for manufacturing other kinds of
organic compounds.
In plants, carbs are a building material for much of the plant body.
What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fat? - correct answer -If the carbon skeleton
of a fatty acid has FEWER than the maximum number of hydrogens it is UNSATURATED.
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