Exam (elaborations)
NUR 325 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) PAIN | QUESTIONS & ANSWERS (SOLVED)
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NUR 325 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) PAIN | QUESTIONS & ANSWERS (SOLVED)
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NUR 325 Pain1. what is pain?
Answer
whatever the person experiencing says it is, existing whenever he says it does
2. what is the most reliable indicator of pain?
Answer
patient's self-report
3. what is the scope of pain?
Answer
no pain -> minimal pain -> moderate pain -> severe pain
4. what are the characteristics of pain?
Answer
acute or chronic, generalized or localized, intermittent or constant
5. what does nociceptive pain feel like?
Answer
aching, throbbing
6. what does neuropathic pain feel like?
Answer
burning, short, shooting
7. what is visceral pain?
Answer
arises from visceral organs, poorly localized
8. what is somatic pain?
, Answer
arises from skin, muscles, and joints
9. what causes neuropathic pain?
Answer
damage to the peripheral nerves and CNS
10. what is transduction?
Answer
noxious stimuli cause cell damage -> release of sensi- tizing chemicals that activate nociceptors
-> action potential triggered
11. what is transmission?
Answer
action potential goes from the site of injury to the spinal cord to the brainstem and thalamus to
the cortex for processing
12. what is perception?
Answer
conscious experience of pain
13. what is modulation?
Answer
neurons descend the spinal cord to release substances that inhibit nociceptive impulses
14. what are the psychosocial consequences of untreated pain?
Answer
fear, anger, depression, anxiety, difficulty maintaining relationships, suicidal thoughts
15. what are the physiological consequences of pain in the cardiovascular system?
Answer
increased HR, cardiac output, and coagulation
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