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NUR 325 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) WEEK TEN | GRADED A+ QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (SOLVED)
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NUR 325 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) WEEK TEN | GRADED A+ QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (SOLVED)
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NUR 325 Week Ten1. Diabetes mellitus
Answer
Diabetes affect multiple systems in the body
Diabetes involves
æ Abnormal insulin production and/or
æ Abnormal insulin utilization
Most common types of diabetes are type 1 and type 2
2. Social & environmental factors
Answer
Rates of diabetes are influenced by the social determinants of health including
Income Education
Employment & working conditions Food security
Neighbourhood
3. Insulin
Answer
Insulin is a hormone produced by the ²cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas
Insulin is usually released continuously into the blood stream in small increments Facilitates
glucose transport from the bloodstream across the cell membrane into the cell
4. Counter-regulatory hormones
Answer
Glucagon, epinephrine, growth hormone & cortisol
They increase levels of blood glucose by stimulating glucose production by the liver, and
decreasing the movement of glucose into cells
The actions of insulin and the counter-regulatory hormones ensure that the glucose level is kept
within the normal range, including during eating, and during periods of fasting, for energy
,5. Normal endogenous insulin secretion
Answer
6. Action of insulin
Answer
Insulin facilitates glucose transport from the bloodstream across the cell membrane into the cell
Release of insulin after a meal
æ Stimulates storage of glucose as glycogen in liver and muscle æ Inhibits gluconeogenesis (the
production of glucose)
æ Enhances fat deposition in adipose tissue æ Increases protein synthesis
7. Type 1 diabetes
Answer
Most often occurs in people under 30 years of age Peak onset at age 12
Approximately 5-10% of Canadians with diabetes have type 1 diabetes
10-15% of patients with new onset of type 1 diabetes have a first degree relative (parent or
sibling) with type 1 diabetes
Autoimmune disease
Progressive destruction of the pancreatic beta cells over months to years
Signs of insulin deficiency & hyperglycemia appear when 80-90% of insulin-secret- ing beta
cells of the pancreas have been destroyed
8. Clinical manifestations of type 1 diabetes
Answer
80-90% of beta cells destroyed
• Polydipsia
, • Polyuria
• Polyphagia
• Weight loss
• Diabetic ketoacidosis
9. Polydipsia
Answer
This water movement leads to intracellular dehydrati
10. Osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus
Answer
Stimulate thirst Stimulate release of ADH from the pituitary gland
11. Processes in the nephron
Answer
12. Polyuria
Answer
13. Polyphagia
Answer
Glucose is our main source of energy from food We need insulin to use this glucose for energy
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